Volcanoes
What is the term for molten rock that erupts from a volcano?
Lava
100: What is a landform?
A landform is a natural feature of Earth's surface.
100: What is weathering?
Weathering is the process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces.
100: What is a fossil?
A fossil is the preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms.
100: What is a topographic map?
A topographic map is a type of map that shows the elevation and shape of the land.
Name a famous volcano located in the United States.
Mount St. Helens
200: Name two types of landforms found on Earth.
Two types of landforms are mountains and valleys.
200: How does wind cause erosion?
Wind causes erosion by carrying away loose particles of sand and dust.
200: How do fossils form?
Fossils form when an organism is buried in sediment, which hardens over time into rock.
200: Name one cause of landslides.
One cause of landslides is heavy rainfall.
How does a shield volcano differ from a cone volcano?
A shield volcano has gentle slopes and is formed by lava flows, while a cone volcano (or stratovolcano) has steep slopes and erupts explosively.
300: What is the difference between a mountain and a hill?
A mountain is taller and steeper than a hill.
300: What is deposition?
Deposition is the process of sediment being dropped or settled in a new location after being carried by wind, water, or ice.
300: Name one type of fossil and how it helps us understand the past.
A trace fossil, like a footprint, helps us understand the behavior and movement of ancient animals.
300: How can you tell the steepness of a slope on a topographic map?
The closer the contour lines are, the steeper the slope.
400: What is the difference between an active, dormant, and extinct volcano?
What is an active volcano erupts regularly, a dormant volcano has not erupted in a long time but could, and an extinct volcano is not expected to erupt again?
400: How do rivers create valleys?
Rivers create valleys by eroding the land over time, carving out a valley.
400: What term describes the chemical change in minerals due to reactions with water?
Answer: Chemical weathering
400: What can fossils tell us about the environment of the past?
Fossils can tell us about past climates, ecosystems, and how life has evolved over time.
400: Describe an event that can trigger a landslide.
An earthquake can trigger a landslide by shaking loose soil and rocks.
500: How can scientists predict a volcanic eruption?
Scientists predict volcanic eruptions by monitoring seismic activity, gas emissions, and changes in the shape of the volcano.
500: Describe how a canyon is formed over time.
A canyon is formed when a river erodes rock over millions of years, deepening and widening the valley.
500: Explain how a landslide can occur due to erosion.
A landslide can occur due to erosion when heavy rain, earthquakes, or human activity weaken the ground, causing soil and rock to slide downhill.
500: Why are marine fossils found on mountains?
Marine fossils are found on mountains because tectonic forces have lifted ancient seafloors over millions of years
500: How can topographic maps help us understand landforms?
Topographic maps help us understand landforms by showing their shape, elevation, and how they change over an area.