Planets
Name all the planets in order (starting from the Sun).
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune
Define the term celestial body.
Any object in space with mass.
What properties of an object affects its centripetal force?
Mass and velocity
What has a higher acceleration of gravity Earth or Mars?
Earth (shocking right?). Earth is more massive and has a larger radius.
Earth: 9.8m/s2
Mars: 3.7 m/s2
A Dwarf planet
Define comets.
"dirty snowballs", masses of ice and rock
According to Einstein, what property or properties affect the force of gravity?
Mass
How many Dwarf planets have been confirmed?
Five (Eris, Pluto, Makemake, Haume, and Ceres)
Gravity and centripetal motion
Define asteroids.
Explain the difference between Einstein's and Newton's understanding of the force of gravity.
Einstein: gravity is due to a warp is space-time due to an object's mass.
Newton: gravity is an attraction between masses.
Why does a car horn as it approaches an observer sound high in frequency than when it drives away from the observer?
The sound waves are bunching together.
1. Must orbit predominately orbit the Sun.
2. It must be massive enough to be spherical in shape.
3. It must be the must dominate (in terms of mass) its orbit.
The rate at which an object is speeding up due to the force of gravity.
Mercury, because it is closer to the Sun.
Define Newton's 1st law and explain what this has to do with centripetal motion.
An object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an external force (same for an object at rest); it relates to centripetal motion by explaining why an object feels an inward force acting on them as they move around a circle.
Name the four types of exoplanets AND estimate, to the thousandth place, how many have been found.
Super-Earths, Terrestrial, Gas Giants, and Neptune-Like; 4,500 (will except anything in the range of 4,000 to 5,000).
Define the doppler effect.
The change in frequency of a wave as an object travels towards and away an observer.
Explain the difference between the methods of detecting exoplanets: Doppler Spectroscopy and the Transit Method.
Doppler Spectroscopy: astronomers analyze the light spectrums of stars to see the change in frequency (shifts blue and red/Doppler effect) as a star and planet orbit.
Transit Method: astronomers analyze the brightness changes of a star as a planet passes it.
The Milky Way