The Universe
Big Bang
EM Spectrum
Stars
Wildcard
100
What is our universe?
EVERYTHING! Mostly empty space, but includes all of the energy and matter that exists
100
Explain the Big Bang Theory.
Everything in the universe (all matter and energy) started out as a singularity (infinitely hot and dense point) that exploded.
100
Define frequency.
Frequency is the number of waves that pass by per second. Sometimes referred to the amount of energy.
100
What is a star?
A large ball of gas that emits its own light.
100
Who came up with the Big Bang Theory?
Edwin Hubble
200
How old is our universe?
13.8 Billion Years Old
200
Identify the 2 key pieces of evidence supporting the big bang theory.
1. Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
2. Red Shift in virtually all objects in the universe
200
Visible light with a wavelength of 5x102 would appear
green
200
What influences the lifespan of a star? Explain this relationship.
A stars life cycle is determined by its mass. As mass increases, the lifespan of a star decreases.
200
How many questions are on your test tomorrow?
30
300
List 5 parts of our universe from smallest to largest.
moon, planet, star, solar system, galaxy, universe
300
Explain what happened after the big bang that allowed matter to form.
After the big bang, the universe needed to expand and cool before matter could form.
300
List three forms of energy in order of increasing energy.
microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
300
Describe 3 differences between Deneb and our Sun.
Our Sun is dimmer, smaller, cooler, younger, less massive.
Deneb is brighter, larger, warmer, older, and has more mass.
300
Explain how Carbon formed in our universe.
Carbon was formed through nucleosynthesis in a massive star. Lighter elements continued to combine or fuse together into heavier elements until Carbon was formed.
400
Identify what galaxy we live in, and how it is possible that we can also see that galaxy in the nighttime sky.
The Milky Way galaxy is a spiral galaxy, so we are a part of it, but can see another branch/arm when we look out in the nighttime sky.
400
Draw and appropriately scale a timeline including the present, the big bang, the formation of earth, and the existence of humans. Include estimated dates where appropriate.
400
What type of energy has a frequency of 3,000,000,000,000?
infrared
400
State the relationship between age and luminosity of main sequence stars. AND explain why this is.
In main sequence stars, as age increases, the luminosity decreases. This is likely because as the star gets older, the amount of Hydrogen decreases. This means less nuclear fusion is taking place and therefore the star will be cooler and less luminous.
400
What is Mrs Goodsell's favorite candy?
Reese's Take 5 Bar
500
Our star is just one of how many in the universe?
Our sun is approximately 1 of 1x1022.
It is 1 of 100 billion in our galaxy and our universe is just 1 of 100 billion in the universe.
1x1011 + 1x1011 = 1x1022
500
Explain IN GREAT DETAIL how the doppler effect supports the big bang theory.
The doppler effect is the change in wavelength/frequency caused by a moving source. Everything in our universe is showing a red shift. This is because objects are still moving away from the big bang. As they move away, wavelengths of light are stretched out, shifting their emission spectra towards the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum.
500
Draw a graph to show the relationship between wavelength and frequency.
500
Identify what elements are in this massive star, and how the emission spectra would change over the next 7 billion years.
This star is made of Hydrogen and Helium. Over the next 7 billion years the spectra would become shifted towards the red end of the spectra because the universe is still expanding. It would also appear to be made of some Carbon, as heavier elements are made and it runs out of hydrogen fuel.
500
Draw a picture of Mrs Goodsell. The best drawing will win the points.
