I ate this but I shouldn't have...
what am I?
what am I?
Cx: CNS depression, ataxic, urinary incontinence, bradycardia, hyperreflexia
what is THC
Why is it important to include the calibration ball in orthopedic radiographs?
Sizing for plates, screws, pins, etc
A 10 yr old German Shepherd presents for lethargy, weakness, anorexia. On AFAST what abnormalities may be noted? What organs are likely to be affected? What is a differential?
1. abdominal FF
2. Spleen > liver > any
3. HSA, LSA, hemangioma, hematoma
What is rouleaux formation? In what species is it common?
1. stacking of RBC
2. Horses, cats
An 8 yr old Cavalier King Charles presents for acute onset of coughing, exercise intolerance and lethargy. What are important history questions? What may the PE reveal? What differentials do you have?
1. Travel history? UTD on HW?
2. Tachycardia, tachypnea, crackles, murmur
3. Mitral valve disease, endocardiosis, CHF
Cx: (dose dependent) GI upset/PU/pancreatitis --> hyperactivity --> tachycardia, hypersalivation, cardiac arrhythmias--> seizures/tremors
what is chocolate (methylxanthine)
when obtaining a radiograph of a long bone or orthopedic injury what are important considerations?
1. 2 view
2. joints on either side of injury
An 8 year old female dog presents for lethargy, anorexia, vomiting, abdominal distension. What is an important question to ask when obtaining history? What abnormalities may be noted in obtaining vitals and what else may you notice when observing the dog?
1. Castration status
2. Vitals: tachycardia and pyrexia
3. vaginal discharge
(pyometra)
What erythrocyte change may be noted with a patient has been recently bitten by a venomous snake?
echinocytes
What is ARDS?
Tachypnea, blue skin/mm, coughing
Causes: sepsis, panc, pneumonia, severe systemic illness, etc
Cx occur 30 min -12 hr post ingestion
what are hops
(humulus lupulus)
What common type of urolith is radiopaque? Can they be dissolved with diet?
Calcium Oxalate
no
A Great Dane comes in tachycardic with abdominal distension and you are asked to get A radiograph? Which view do you obtain and why?
R lateral: there should be NO gas in pylorus in a normal R lat view
What does eosinophilia on a CBC (confirmed via smear you amazing tech you) likely indicate?
parasitic disease, allergic or HS disease
other: hypoadrenocorticism, paraneoplastic (MCT, LSA, SCC), fungal dz, rottie
What 3 surgeries does an animal with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome likely need?
1. Alarplasty (stenotic nares)
2. Sacculectomy (everted laryngeal saccules)
3. Staphylectomy (elongated soft palate)
Cx: stupor, narcosis, ataxia, nausea, depressed mentation --> weakness, slow CRT, hypothermia, oliguria/anuria, vomiting
Rapid progression of clinical signs
what is ethylene glycol intoxication
A 12 week old puppy presents for abdominal pain, diarrhea, hematochezia, vomiting, anorexia and weight loss. Parvo test (-). What are additional questions that are important to ask when gathering a history in puppies and why? What are additional tests the dr may request?
Have they been dewormed? GIFB? Previous sx?
Fecal OP & G, CDV
Intussusception
A cat presents for acute, persistent vomiting and abdominal pain. AXR and AUS show SI plication... What is your top differential? Where are 3 locations that you will look further?
1. base of tongue
2. esophagus
3. pylorus
What are 3 reasons you may see Heinz bodies on a blood smear?
1. Cat
2. Toxicosis: allium, maple (horse, camelid), zinc, naphthalene (moth balls)
3. Acetaminophen, vitamin k1, propofol
4. Regenerative anemia
A 12 yr old lab with raspy sounding bark, exercise intolerance, cyanotic gums and stridor presents with a history of progressive weakness (all 4 limbs but pelvic affected more than thoracic)...what is a top differential?
Geriatric onset of laryngeal paralysis polyneuropathy
Cx: weakness, lethargy, pale mm, red/brown urine, halitosis, hypersalivation
what is allium toxicosis?
A 3 yr old MN DSH presents for hiding, lethargy, pain, and hyporexia. He is BCS 7/9. What are important history questions and PE findings? Why are AXR important and what is imperative to include in the image?
1. indoor/outdoor? straining to urinate? diet (dry)? stressful events lately? other animals? access to water?
2. ab pain, turgid firm painful UB
3. look for stones, important to get caudal to get urethra (stones can get stuck here)
A Frenchie presents for being "down in the back". What are important questions in history taking and why? Is the prognosis the same as if it were a Dachshund?
1. when this occurred (hours?), timeline, ability to urinate?
2. no ... worse. acute more likely to be prone to ascending myleomalacia
A mostly vaccinated 4 month old dog presents for upper respiratory signs, GI signs, myoclonus, hyperkeratosis of the feet and ocular issues. You are suspicious of an infectious disease and while waiting for the respiratory PCR panel you are asked to get what sample and what may you see microscopically?
What toxin causes progressive respiratory distress (gets worse despite animal being in oxygen), GI signs, CNS depression and AKI?
Paraquat- herbicide