Public Administration and Democratic Constitutionalism (A)
The increasing power and responsibility of public administration since the 1930s has culminated in the development of an unofficial, “fourth” branch of government colloquially called...
The administrative branch
True or False?
Woodrow Wilson claimed that public administration and the Constitution are - and should be - heavily related and intertwined. Nowadays, public administration is less involved in judicial and legislative responsibilities.
False
Political choice theory stems from the study of...
Economics
What concept is defined by the claim that "markets have become more important than national governments in setting the economic rules"?
Globalization
What are the two substantially separated faces of government and public administration?
Responsiveness
Collaboration
What are the two schools of thought on the interpretation and application of the Constitution?
Mainstream - Living, evolving, and adapting; extends beyond original meaning and interpretation
Traditionalist - Original meaning is perfect and applicable today; rigid interpretation and application
Why are social classifications frowned upon in government and public administration?
They structure policy such that it treats people differently, ultimately unfairly.
What are the three assumptions of people based on the political choice theory?
Self-seeking
Rational
Adopt maximizing strategies
The transfer of governmental powers to lower levels is called...
Devolution
What are the two groups of studies in regards to responding to citizens as clients?
Administrative response to citizens
Partnership between the side as a premise cultural revolution in contemporary bureaucracies
What amendment provides that no state shall "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws"?
14th amendment
What are the two types of privacy rights?
Informational - People, property, possessions, knowledge, etc.
Decisional - the liberty and freedom to take action
What are the three variable factors of individuals making choices?
Certainty
Risk
Uncertainty
What system of governance utilizes traditional, hierarchical bureaucracies?
Vertical
What are the two approaches that promote understanding of modern societies and what they undergo?
1. "Responsiveness is at best, a necessary evil that appears to compromise professional effectiveness and, at worst, an indication of political expediency if not out right corruption."
2. Suggests that democracy requires administrators who are responsive to popular will, at least through legislatures and politicians if not directly to the people.
What are two of the four associations between public administration and the Constitution?
Democratic principles - by the people, for the people
Oath of office - public trust promise to uphold the Constitution
Liability - public servants civilly liable for constitutional violations if they knew or should have
Constitutional literacy - ongoing training and discussion about interpretations and applications
What are two of the five legal constraints on administrative action?
Chilling effect - constitutional rights aren’t violated, but existence freedom deterred
Overbreadth - regulations allowed to restrict, but extend beyond intended scope
Least restrictive alternative - mandates minimal invasiveness when rights allowed restricted
Narrow tailoring - similar to the former, but allows more restrictions and limitations
Underinclusiveness - permitted restrictions don’t equally apply to all
What is the common concern behind Coase's ideas about firms and Tullock's thoughts about organizational control?
Organizational size
What system of governance utilizes the coordination and integration of government and non-governmental organizations?
Horizontal
What are the three types of citizens?
Free riders
Activists
Watchdogs
What are the Supreme Court’s three tiers of scrutinizing classifications, and the social divisions that they are typically associated with?
Suspect - race, ethnicity, and citizenship (federal citizenship classification permitted)
Nonsuspect/ordinary - age, wealth, and residency
Quasi-suspect - gender
What is guerilla government, and how it can be fixed?
Administrators being secretive, dishonest, disloyal, insubordinate and sabotaging, keeping records for litigation, leaking information
Motivated by organizational dissatisfaction and unhappiness
Occurs because the organization does not provide means for expressing concerns
Rectify with cultures and procedures that encourage participation, feedback, and discussion
How do Madison's theories about property relate to Ostrom's observations about public goods?
Madison identifies property as an entitlement protected by due process, and Ostrom identifies public goods and services as indivisible (consumers cannot be easily excluded from their benefits).
What “have quickly acquired great influence, in the United State and around the world” benefiting from the Internet and fueled by “instantaneous communication”?
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs)
What are the five core principles of interacting with citizens?
Downsizing
Managerialism
Decentralization
Debureaucratization
Privatization