page 279
What 3 things does the speed of sound?
temperature, stiffness, density of the medium it's traveling through
In general, does sound travel faster in solids, liquids, or gases?
solids
how much matter or mass there is in a given amount of space or volume
Solids are stiffer than liquids and gases. Sound travels faster in stiffer materials.
Does sound travel faster through hot or cold temperature mediums?
sound travels faster through hot materials.
which substance is stiffer - air or water?
water
Explain the Channel Tunnel that was talked about on page 281
It was a 50-kilometer-long undersea tunnel with a railway connecting England and France
faster
Explain how the the particles in a material move based on the temperature.
At lower temperatures, the particles of a material will move slower. At higher temperatures, the particles will move faster.
What is the stiffest substance in the table?
diamond
Why did they use the steel pipes to communicate?
The workers were too far apart to yell to each other. Steel transmits sound better than air does over long distances.
Steel is denser than plastic, yet sound travels faster in steel than in plastic. Develop a hypothesis to explain why.
Steel is stiffer than plastic. The speed of sound in steel is greater than in plastic because steel's greater stiffness makes up for its greater density.