Nociceptive Pain
According to the gate theory, non-painful stimuli, such as rubbing an injured area can help subside the pain. True or False?
True!
People with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) are known to experience impairment in which system?
Sympathetic Nervous System
What are the functions of the right and left hemispheres?
Left- language
Right- space
Which receptor is associated with pain?
Nociceptors
Brian has pain in the left side of his chest and arm. Later on, he collapses and finds out that he had a heart attack. Which type of pain is Brian experiencing?
Referred pain
A study using a functional MRI found that people with fibromyalgia typically had LESS activity in what areas of the brain?
PAIN INHIBITION AREAS (Medial Frontal Cortex, Cingulate Cortex, Insula, etc.)
All are examples of neglect tests except.....
1. Albert's Test
2. Visual Feedback Test
3. Cancellation Test
4. Line Bisection Test
2. Visual Feedback Test
Tell me the two purposes of nociceptive pain.
-rest
-to withdraw from harmful situations
According to the gate theory, what happens when the “gate” is closed?
Pain signals are blocked and do not reach the brain.
Where on the body are CRPS symptoms usually WORSE?
Distal Extremities
You just received a patient who just recovered from a stroke, and is struggling with neglect. What are some symptoms you might be able to see?
Only brushing hair on one side of their head.
Bumping into a wall closest to the side with neglect.
Only raising one arm when asked to raise both arms.
What would happen to someone who had damage to their right parietal lobe?
They wouldn't be able to register where their body is in space.
What is the primary purpose of TENS therapy?
To reduce pain by adding electrical information to act as mechanical stimulation to help suppress the pain information and decrease pain.
One of the theories or possible reasons for why people experience neuropathic pain focuses the concept of “cross-talk” between different axons. This particular theory helps to explain which common neuropathic pain symptom?
Allodynia
David has Wernicke's Aphasia. What are some issues that will arise?
-he is unable to read or write
-he is unable to comprehend spoken speech
-he is able to speak fluently, but cannot produce meaningful language
Neuropathic pain could arise as a direct consequence of specific conditions. Name 2 conditions that have been associated with developing neuropathic pain.
1. Diabetes
2. SCI
3. Multiple Sclerosis
4. Stroke
Tell me the pathway of the gate control theory right when you hit a body part on something. Include pain information, inhibitory neuron, and projection neuron and discuss what is inhibited and what is not inhibited.
After you hit a body part, A delta and C fibers send pain information, which inhibits the inhibitory neuron. Because the inhibitory neuron is inhibited, it is unable to inhibit the projection neuron, so the projection neuron activity increases and sends the pain information to the brain.
The imbalance between pronociceptive signals and antinociceptive signals is a hypothesis to explain the possible cause for which condition?
Fibromyalgia
List the correct order for information process of language.
Primary auditory cortex > Secondary auditory cortex > Wernicke’s area > subcortical connections > Broca’s area > oral & throat region of sensorimotor cortex
What is conduction aphasia? How can it effect someone?
Damage to connection between Wernicke's and Broca's area
Patients can understand language, but what they produce themselves is meaningless