Subjective
Physiology of Pain
Types of Pain
Pain and the Nurse
Pain Management
100
"_____________is whatever the experiencing patient says it is, existing whenever the patient says it does"
What is pain, the most subjective of all symptoms that patients experience, & felt differently by each individual.
100
Conversion of stimulus into electrical energy
What is Transduction
100
Lasts longer than 6 months and may be constant or recurrent
What is Chronic Pain
100
Nurses' role in pain management is that of
What is Advocate and educator
100
Use of relaxation, guided imagery, biofeedback, distraction, music, TENS, and accupuncture
What are Nonpharmacological pain relief interventions
200
_______ is the opposite of pain and is the goal of pain treatment
What is Comfort
200
Sending of impulse across a sensory pain nerve fiber (nociceptor)
What is Transmission
200
Chronic pain without an identifiable physical or psychological cause
What is Idiopathic pain
200
One of the most researched nursing concepts
What is Pain. Nurses know that pain affects every aspect of a clients life. Pain is the number one reason patients seek help.
200
____________ are used to treat mild pain
What are:Nonopiods such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) and NSAIDs (ibuprofen and aspirin)
300
Physiological Factors, Social Factors, Spiritual Factors, Psychological Factors, and Cultural Factors
What are: Factors influencing pain and comfort
300
The point where the patient experiences pain
What is Perception. Stimulus received in the brain.
300
Is protective, identifiable, short duration with usually limited emotional response
What is Acute pain
300
Pain assessment and management needs to be systematic and is best done by using
What is pain scales for assessment and ongoing reassessment
300
__________ are prescribed for moderate to severe pain.
What are opiods such as Morphine, dilaudid, fentanyl. They are associated with respiratory depression and SE including N/V, urinary retention, constipation and altered mental processes.
400
Vitals signs are a good indicator of a patient's pain level
What is "acute pain" however, VS are not a good indicator of chronic pain.
400
Inhibition of pain/release of inhibitory neurotransmitters
What is Modulation. Once perceived by the brain inhibitory neurotransmitters are released.
400
Pain that manifests itself in an area other than the site of origin such as MI pain
What is referred pain
400
Pain is best described ___________
What is: in the patient's own words. Gather as much information as you can including: characteristics (onset, duration, location, intensity, quality, pattern, relief measures, contributing symptoms, and effects of pain on the patient).
400
Misconceptions about pain managment are common especially by the elderly and include:
What is: Medication will be given routinely without asking. Pain medication will cause addiction. Pain is a normal part of aging and hospitalization. Pain is better than the SE of the med. It is better to wait until pain is really bad. Admiting pain perceived as a weakness. The nurse is too busy for me to bother by asking for pain medicaiton.
500
Pain is well understood by health care providers and patients. Therefore patients are never undertreated for pain.
What is False. Providers have personal bias. Many myths held by providers and patients that inhibit effective pain management. We can do better!
500
Popular pain theory that believes closing the gate is hte basis for pain relief interventions
What is Gate-control theory. Pain has emotional and cognitive components, in addition to physicial sensation. The CNS has gating mechanisms that regulate or block pain impusles.
500
Severe pain that that persists despite multiple treatment attempts and may require hospitalization is
What is Intractable pain
500
Untreated or undertreated pain may lead to
What is depression. Also, anxiety, insomnia, hopelessness, fear, impaired social interaction, impaired mobility, fatigue, spiritual distress and powerlessness.
500
PCA stands for
What is Patient Controlled Analgesia. Very effective means of IV pain managment. Used for acute pain many times post op. Safety guidelines must be followed carefully. Monitor patient for S & S of sedation and respiratory depression. Continuous pulse ox. Instruct the patient and family that the patient should be the only one pushing the button!
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