Under Pressure
The normal range for systolic and diastolic blood pressure in adults without hypertension?
What is less than 120/80 mmHg?
Gerd can cause damage to the mucosal lining of esophagus over time, causing the innate cells of the lining to transform to a different type of cell, a condition known as?
What is Barretts Esophagus?
Smoking increases the risk of this potentially fatal cardiac event
What is a myocardial infarction (heart attack)?
Sleep apnea is characterized by repeated interruptions in this during sleep.
What is airflow?
Tension headaches are often triggered by this type of physical or emotional strain
What is stress?
two lifestyle changes that can help reduce high blood pressure
What are reducing salt intake and increasing exercise?
two common symptoms of GERD
What are heartburn and regurgitation?
Nicotine triggers the release of this neurotransmitter, leading to addiction.
What is dopamine?
Central sleep apnea is caused by a failure of this organ to signal the muscles to breathe.
What is the brain?
Migraines are believed to involve abnormal activity in this part of the nervous system
What is the central nervous system?
Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to damage in this specific part of the eye
What is the retina?
GERD symptoms are often worse in this body position
What is lying flat?
Name two respiratory effects of long-term smoking
What are chronic bronchitis and emphysema?
This test is the gold standard for diagnosing sleep apnea
What is a polysomnography (sleep study)?
This type of headache is often described as pain behind one eye and occurs in cyclical patterns.
What is a cluster headache?
Hypertension is a major risk factor for this type of stroke caused by a blocked artery
What is an ischemic stroke?
This diagnostic procedure is used to visually examine the esophagus for damage caused by GERD
What is an upper endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy)?
Vaping can lead to chemical exposure that causes damage to these tiny air sacs in the lungs
What are alveoli?
Name two complications of untreated sleep apnea
What are hypertension and chronic fatigue?
Overuse of headache medications can lead to this type of headache.
What is a rebound headache?
This specific blood test is often monitored in patients on ACE inhibitors to ensure kidney safety
What is serum potassium?
The chronic inflammation caused by GERD increases the risk for this type of esophageal cancer
What is adenocarcinoma?
This specific component of cigarette smoke is a known carcinogen linked to lung cancer
What is tar?
This surgical procedure is sometimes used to treat obstructive sleep apnea by removing excess tissue in the throat
What is uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)?
This condition, often associated with migraines, involves sensitivity to sound
What is phonophobia?