Enter Category Name
Failure of the pancreas to furnish sufficient insulin leads to _______.
Pancreatitis
True or false: the pancreas lies in the retroperitoneal cavity
False: MOST of the pancreas lies in the retroperitoneal EXCEPT for a small portion of the head
The tail of the pancreas is in contact with which structure(s)?
a: left kidney
b: splenic fixture of the colon
c: spleen
d: all of the above
The endocrine glad produces what cells?
Islet of langerhans
What are the four areas of the pancreas?
Head, neck, body, and tail
The tail of the pancreas is:
a: anterior to the SMA, left renal vein & left kidney; posterior to the stomach
b: anterior to the splenic vein, left renal vein, & left kidney; posterior to the stomach
c: lateral to the splenic artery, posterior to the splenic vein and stomach
d: lateral to the spleen, anterior to the splenic vein & posterior to the stomach
b: anterior to the splenic vein, left renal vein & left kidney ; posterior to the stomach
What are the four enzymes that exocrine gland produce and their function?
1. Lipase - digests fats
2. Amylase - digest carbohydrates
3. trypsin, chymotrypsinogen, carboxypeptidase - digests proteins
4. Nucleases - digests nucleic acids
The contour of the normal pancreas:
a. Appears smooth and even
b. May be difficult to evaluate due to retroperitoneal fat infiltration
c. Appears uneven
d. may be difficult to evaluate cuz there are no fat interfaces to distinguish it from other structures
B. May be difficult to evaluate due to retroperitoneal fat inflitration
The body of the pancreas is:
a: Anterior to the SMV & SMA; inferior to the splenic artery
b: anterior to the splenic vein and SMA; inferior to the splenic artery
c: posterior to the liver and duodenum; anterior to the SMV
d: posterior to the liver & duodenum; just anterior to the portal splenic confluence
B: anterior to the splenic vein & SMA ; inferior to the splenic artery.
What are the pancreatic ducts?
Duct of Wirsung & duct of santorini
______ ______ are most prevalent and produce insulin, a hormone that causes glycogen formation from glucose in the liver.
Beta cells
The sonographic appearance of the pancreas is described as
a. Heterogenous & hypoehoic relative to the liver.
b. Heterogenous & isosonic relative to the kidney.
c. Homogenous & hypoechoic relative to the liver.
d. Homogenous & hyperehoic relative to the liver.
D. Homogenous & hyperehoic relative to the liver.
What structure is identified at the anterior aspect of the head of the pancreas?
a: common bile duct
b: common hepatic artery
c: gastroduodenal artery
d: splenic vein
2. Beta - produces insulin which causes glucose to become glycogen
3. Delta - produces somatostatin which inhibits alpha and beta cells
The pancreas is surrounded by what 5 vessels?
1. Aorta
2. IVC
3. Portal vein
4: Splenic vein
5: SMA
The long axis of the pancreas is:
a. Seen in a transverse plane
b. Seen in a sagittal oblique plane
c. Not appreciated sonographically
d. Is an axial portion
A. Seen in transverse plane
The neck of the pancreas is:
a: anterior to the SMA & uncinate process
b: posterior to the liver and duodenum
c: anterior to the SMV, portal splenic confluence, & uncinate process
d: posterior to the liver, duodenum & hepatic artery
a: posterior to the tail
b: posterior to the neck
c: lateral to the tail
d: superior to the body
The head of the pancreas is:
a. Posterior to the liver and stomach, medial to the duodenum, anterior to the IVC
b. Posterior to the liver, medial to the duodenum, anterior to the SMV
c. Posterior to the liver, medial to the duodenum, anterior to the IVC
d. Right lateral to the pancreas body, posterior to the liver, superior to to the IVC.
C. Posterior to the liver, medical to the duodenum, anterior to the IVC.
The exocrine function of the pancreas is:
a: accessory storage of bile
b: produce hormones insulin and cortisone
c: to produce hormone insulin
d: to aid digestion in conjunction w/ the biliary system
D: aid digestion in conjunction w/ biliary system
What cells do the exocrine cells produce?
Acini cells
Both endocrine and exocrine
Where does the pancreas lie?
Anterior to the first and second lumbar bodies, located deep in the epigastrium and left hypochondrium behind the lesser omental sac
a: head
b: body
c: neck
d: all of the above
Pancreatic enzyme that is elevated during pancreatitis
Serum amylase