TRANSLATION
1. Creo que podría haber entendido mal tus instrucciones.
1.I think I might have misunderstood your instructions.
Choose the most appropriate modal:
1. My son .....be home by now. Where can he be?
2. Children....be accompanied by an adult at the zoo.
3. You have never heard of Britney Spears! You....be serious!
1. Should
2. must
3. Can't
Write the correct form of a word below to match each definition.
employ ■ demonstrate ■ active ■ wealth ■ equal ■ corrupt ■ juvenile delinquent ■ home
1 situation where there is a gap between how people are treated .............................
2 people not having anywhere to live .............................
3 bad behaviour by young people .............................
4 people not having jobs .............................
5 a kind of protest .............................
6 dishonest or illegal behaviour, usually to gain money or power .............................
7 being rich .............................
8 a person who gets involved with political campaigns and protests .............................
1) inequality
2)homelessness
3)juvenile delinquency
4)unemployment
5)demonstration
6)corruption
7)wealthy
8)activist
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the original.
1 My parents moved to this town because they found work here.
If my parents .............................................. .
2 We don’t go on strike because we are happy working here.
If we ........................................................... .
3 I can’t go out because I’ve got so much work to do.
If I .......................................................... .
4 By saving £50 a month, we can pay off our debts by November.
If we .................................................................
5 The boss gives bonuses to hard workers
If you .......................................................... .
1 hadn’t found work here / in this town, they wouldn’t have moved / to this town / here
2 weren’t happy working here, we would go on strike
3 didn’t have so much work to do, I could / would go out
4 save £50 a month, we can / will pay off our debts by November
5 work hard, the boss gives you a bonus / you get a bonus
Complete the texts with the correct passive or active form of the verbs in brackets.
1)
The Samaria Gorge is a popular tourist destination on the Greek island of Crete. It can’t
1. ......................................... (enter) during the winter because it can be dangerous. Rocks sometimes
2. ............................. (fall) onto the path and there can be floods.
Wadi Rum in Jordan is a special area and 3. ......................................... (protect) by the government.
You can’t 4. ......................................... (drive) in the desert there, but you can book a tour and
5. ......................................... (drive) by local guides to see the fascinating sights.
2)
Global temperatures 6. ......................................... (rise) by about 0.8°C between 1880 and 2014.
Before 1880, global temperatures 7. ......................................... (not record).
3)
Polar bears can sometimes 8. ......................................... (see) in Iceland but not often. In 2016, a polar bear 9. ......................................... (shoot) by an Icelandic police officer. It was the fifth time a polar bear had arrived on the island in the 21st century.
4)
In some parts of Australia, signs 10. ......................................... (put up) warning people about crocodiles.
On the signs, the words “Take care if swimming” 11. ......................................... (write). Who would swim in a place where crocodiles live?
1 be entered
2 fall
3 is protected
4 drive
5 be driven
6 rose
7 hadn’t been recorded
8 be seen
9 was shot
10 are / have been put up
11 are / have been written
1. Te llamaré en cuanto me marche de la manifestación.
2. Cuando el tiempo refresque, voy a pintar la casa (me van a pintar la casa).
1. I'll call you as soon as I leave the demonstration.
2. When the weather cools down, I'm going to have the house painted.
Rewrite:
1.If you want my advice, get a good lawyer!
2. A university degree isn't necessary for that job.
3. Perhaps my father will pick you up.
4. I regret buying that book. It was useless.
1. You should get a good lawyer.
2. You don't have to get a university degree for...
3. My father may pick you up.
4. I should not have bought that book since it was useless.
Complete the sentences with one word in each gap.
1 These photos bring ............................. great memories.
2 Could you stay ............................. for a few minutes after the meeting today?
3 This area will turn ............................. a desert if we don’t get more rain in the next few years.
4 Why do you always bring ............................. the topic of money in front of everyone?
5 The rivers are drying ............................. , and fish are dying.
6 No one turned ............................. , so I came home.
7 Do you want to stay ............................. after the party and go home on Sunday morning?
1)back
2)on
3)into
4)up
5)up
6)up
7)over
Rewrite the sentences using the word in brackets. Do not change the meaning of the
original sentence.
1 Take my advice and don’t walk alone at night. (were)
2 I didn’t invite them because I didn’t know they were interested in our cause. (had)
3 They will close down the shelter because there isn’t any funding. (unless)
4 He wants to borrow this book but I haven’t finished reading it. (when)
5 We can’t leave because there are still customers in the shop. (as)
1 If I were you, I wouldn’t walk alone at night.
2 If I had known they were interested in our cause, I would have invited them.
3 They will close down the shelter unless there is funding.
4 He can borrow the book when I have finished reading it.
5 We will / can leave as soon as there aren’t any customers in the shop.
Write sentences in the passive form in two different ways. Omit the agent where possible.
1 You must give all the participants a water bottle.
2 Nobody has given me any information.
3 Do the organisers offer free meals to the volunteers?
4 You shouldn’t tell her the devastating news.
5 Can you please send me the photos?
1)All the participants must be given a water bottle. / A water bottle must be given to all the participants.
2) I haven’t been given any information. / No information has been given to me.
3) Are free meals offered to the volunteers by the organisers? / Are volunteers offered free meals by the organisers?
4) She shouldn’t be told the devastating news. / The devastating news shouldn’t be told to her.
5) Can I please be sent the photos? / Can the photos please be sent to me?
1. Mi amiga me dijo que había estado temblando de miedo mientras había estado esperando a hacer un salto base.
2. Estoy muerto de miedo cuando estoy solo en la oscuridad.
3.No has estado prestando atención en clase.
1.My friend told me that she had been shaking with fear while she had been waiting to go BASE jumping.
2. I'm petrified when I am alone in the dark.
3. You have not been paying attention in class.
Rewrite:
1. This is Tom. You'll be driving with him next week.
2. The shop gave me a prize.
3. "Let's make some spaghetti sauce now", he said.
4.The plane probably crashed over the jungle.
1. This is Tom, with whom you will be driving next week.
2. I was given a prize by the shop/ A prize was given to me by the shop.
3. He suggested making some.../that we make some...
4.The plane may have crashed...
Complete the text with the correct form of the words in brackets.
Steve Backshall isn’t afraid of extreme nature. He loves exploring wild places and climbing mountains. He also loves animals. When faced with a 1. ............................. (terror)-looking spider or snake, he just picks it up and looks with 2. ............................. (admire) at its ability to attack and kill its prey. In his TV series, he walks through jungles and deserts searching for 3. ............................. (dead) animals. With incredible
4. ............................. (brave), he gets as close as possible to animals which could kill him. However, he knows that animals can be 5. ............................. (predict) and doesn’t take unnecessary risks.
He is cheerful and likes to laugh at the 6. ............................. (terror) looks on the faces of the TV crew working with him. Although he has a clear 7. ............................. (object) when setting out on his travels, he doesn’t seem to get 8. ............................. (patient) when animals remain hidden. Instead, he makes the most of whatever other creatures he manages to find.
1)terrifying
2)admiration
3)deadly
4)bravery
5)unpredictable
6)terrified
7)objective
8)impatient
Complete the second sentence with a passive form so that it has a similar meaning to the original.
1 The avalanche buried two villages.
Two ..............
2 Did global temperatures break any records last year?
Were .......................................................... ?
3 Sheep farmers won’t be happy if they reintroduce wolves to Scotland.
If wolves ......................................................... .
4 The Thai government has banned tourists from going to Maya Bay.
Tourists ...................................................... .
5 Some people have climbed Mt Everest in winter.
Mt Everest ...................................................... .
6 The Chinese are building new roads and railways across the desert.
New ................................................ .
1)villages were buried in / by the avalanche
2)any records broken by global temperatures last year
3)are reintroduced to Scotland, sheep farmers won’t be happy
4)have been banned from going to Maya Bay by the Thai government
5)has been climbed by some people in winter
6)roads and railways are being built across the desert by the Chinese
Complete the second sentence in each pair in reported speech. Use the correct pronoun and the correct form of the verb.
1 “I’ll help you and your friends up the mountain,” said the guide.
The guide said that ................................ up the mountain.
2 “I must leave now,” John announced.
John announced that ................................ then.
3 “Don’t sit down on the ground,” our guide told us.
Our guide told ............................ on the ground.
4 “Next week’s trip has been cancelled,” our teacher told us.
Our teacher announced that the following week’s trip ............................. .
5 “I’ve travelled to 23 countries,” said Helen.
Helen said that .................................... to 23 countries.
6 “Can you give me a lift to school?” I asked.
I asked my parents if .......................... a lift to school.
1)he would help me and my friends / us
2)he had to leave
3)us not to sit down
4)had been cancelled
5)she had travelled
6)they could give me
1. Vamos a actualizar nuestros programas informáticos este mes.
2. Mi abuelo, que fue un millonario hecho a sí mismo, vivió en la pobreza de niño.
3. Podría ser que encontremos una solución a este problema en los próximos días.
4. La gente se pone en huelga si no recibe salarios justos.
1. We are going to update our computer programs this month.
2. My grandfather, who was a self-made millionaire, lived in poverty as a child.
3. We might find a solution to this problem in the next few days.
4.People go on strike if they don't receive fair wages.
1. “I have read this book”, she said.
She said
2. I am sure she knows you are here.
She
3. People consider that he is an expert on cricket. - He
4. Please don’t shoot.
He begged us
5. We didn’t visit the museum because we hadn’t time.
If we
1. She said she had read that book
2. She must know you are here
3.He is considered to be an expert on cricket
4. He begged us not to shoot
5.If we had had time, we would have visited the museum.
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words below.
hesitate ■ threat ■ hazard ■ enthuse ■ suspect ■ risk ■ fair
1) He tried to frighten me, but I didn’t feel ............................. .
2) I had a ............................. that he wasn’t telling the truth.
3) I’m ............................. to make decisions which involve spending a lot of money.
4) Be careful. It says on the bottle “............................. chemicals”.
5) Try to show some ............................. . You’ll probably have a good time at the party.
6) I think it’s ............................. that some students in class don’t get homework.
7) I think it’s ............................. to go swimming alone.
1) threatened
2) suspicion
3) hesitant
4) hazardous
5) enthusiasm
6) unfair
7) risky
Rewrite the sentences in reported speech. Change the reporting verb.
1 “I arrived late because of traffic,” Luke said.
2 “The bus driver was reckless,” the tourists said.
3 “I won’t do anything foolish,” Cameron said.
4 “I’ve got two free tickets for the concert tonight,” Elaine said.
5 “Don’t go out in the storm today!” the news announcer said.
6 “You should tell people where you are going,” the park ranger said to me.
7 “I didn’t put out the campfire properly,” the hiker said.
8 “Why were they walking in the forest late at night?” he asked.
1)Luke explained that he had arrived late because of traffic.
2)The tourists complained that the bus driver had been reckless.
3)Cameron promised that he wouldn’t do anything foolish.
4)Elaine mentioned that she had got two free tickets for the concert that night.
5)The news announcer warned people not to go out in the storm that day.
6)The park ranger suggested telling / that I tell people where I was going.
7)The hiker admitted not putting out / that (s)he hadn’t put out the campfire properly.
8)He wanted to know why they had been walking in the forest late at night.
Complete the text with the correct passive, causative or active form of the verbs in brackets.
When holidaymakers try to decide where to go for some winter sun, Norway 1. .............................(not choose) by many of them. However, in early January 2020, it might have been a good idea to have chosen this northern country. Warm air 2. ............................(blow) across the Atlantic by strong winds. Temperatures 3. .............................(rise) , and in Sunndalsora, Norway, records 4. .............................(break) when temperatures reached 19°C.
Meanwhile, much of southeastern Europe and Turkey 5. ............................. (cover) by snow. In a country where not many people 6. ............................. (put) winter tyres on their cars, this made driving very difficult. Not everyone was unhappy, though. Thousands of stunning photos of Cappadocia in the snow 7. .............................(take) and uploaded to Instagram. Ski centres were also happy. They 8. .............................(book) to full capacity as people were enjoying winter sports and making the most of the unpredictable weather.
1)isn’t chosen
2)was blown
3)rose
4)were broken
5)were covered
6)have / get … put
7)were taken
8)were booked
1. Muchos animales salvajes no sobrevivieron al incendio mortal.
2. Él anunció que la carretera principal era peligrosa y aconsejó a todo el mundo que no se acercara.
3. Esta campaña publicitaria, que utiliza vallas publicitarias coloridas, está dirigida a jóvenes.
4. Deberías haber ido a ver la nueva versión de la película. Merecía la pena verla.
5. Los animales en peligro de extinción están siendo atrapados por cazadores furtivos en muchas zonas del mundo.
1. Many wild animals didn't survive the deadly fire.
2. He announced that the main road was hazardous and advised everyone to stay away from it.
3.This advertising campaign, which uses colourful billboards, is directed at young people.
4. You should have gone to see the remake of the film. It was worth seeing.
5. Endangered animals are being trapped by poachers in many areas of the world.
1. I’m sorry we accepted the invitation.
I wish
2. They didn’t pay for the ring.
This is the ring
3. They have given us a Roald Dahl novel.
We
4. She hasn’t phone her mother for two months. - It’s
5. They don’t allow smoking in this room.
You
6. I’m sorry I didn’t go shopping with you.
I
1. I wish we hadn't accepted the invitation
2.This is the ring which they didn’t pay for.
3.We have been given a Roald Dahl novel.
4.It’s two months since she last phoned her mother.
5.You mustn’t smoke in this room.
6.I wish I had gone shopping with you. /I should have gone shopping..
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the original. Use the word in capitals.
1 I hate looking at snakes. BEAR
I .................................. .
2 John never takes any risks. PLAYS
John always ................ .
3 Please, can you go a little less fast? DOWN Please, ................................................ ?
4 John is a very sensible person. COMMON
John has a ..................................................... .
5 You’re taking a big risk by doing that. FIRE
You’re .................................................. .
6 We’re alike in many ways. COMMON
We have ......................................... .
1)can’t bear looking at snakes
2)plays it safe
3)can you slow down (a little)
4)lot of common sense
5)playing with fire by doing that
6)(got) a lot in common
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the original. Use 2-5 words, including the word in capitals.
1) I don’t like to watch gruesome horror films. FOND
I’m ..................................................... gruesome horror films.
2) Someone will solve the mystery before the end of the year. HAVE
By the end of the year, .................the mystery
3) The buyer asked an expert to check the painting. CHECKED
The buyer ................................ before buying it.
4) We didn’t realise the photo was a fake because we didn’t examine it carefully. HAVE
If we had examined the photo carefully, ............................................that it was a fake.
5) “Have you ever been the victim of a prank?” she asked us. WE
She asked us .................................. the victim of a prank.
1)not fond of watching
2)someone will have solved
3)had / got the painting checked
4)we would have realised
5)if / whether we had ever been
Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. If there isn’t a word in brackets, use a relative pronoun. There may be more than one possible answer.
The art of magic 1. ............................. (be) a part of society for thousands of years. As magic began to be accepted into society and people started 2. ............................. (look up to) magicians for their special talents, there was a need to protect the tricks of the trade. Therefore, the oath of secrecy 3. ............................. (establish) over 2,400 years ago by Charlatates, the Greek father of modern magic. After 4. ............................. (take) the oath, a person became a part of the brotherhood of magicians. The oath protected the livelihood of magicians 5. ............................. promised never to reveal the secret of any illusion to a non-magician.
Even today, the oath is important. Not many people actually believe in magic, but they still want to be drawn into a world of make-believe and enjoy magic’s unknown factor. After all, if people understand how a trick is done, it 6. ............................. (lose) its allure. The oath was updated in 2008. Magicians still promise 7. ............................. (not share) their secrets with anyone, but there is also more. 8. ............................. (copy) another magician’s tricks without permission is not allowed. Above all, respect amongst magicians is essential. 9. ............................. (work) together with the less experienced helps to keep this ancient, fascinating form of entertainment alive, and that’s important for everyone involved.
1) has been
2) to look up to / looking up to
3) was established
4) taking
5) who / that
6) loses
7) not to share
8) Copying
9) Working