Parathyroid Roles
How many cell types are there?
Two - Chief and Oxyphil cells
How many parathyroid glands are there?
Four
What is synthesized at 115 aa?
Prepro PTH
Chronically elevated PTH increases serum Ca2+ levels by promoting Ca2+ release from where?
Bones
A patient with Hypoparathyroidism should have what kind of diet?
Calcium-rich foods and minimize phosphorous-rich foods
T/F : Do Oxyphil cells produce and secrete Parathyroid Hormone (PTH).
False : Chief cells produce and secrete PTH
Is the parathyroid gland fully or partially embedded into the surface of the thyroid gland?
How many amino acids polypeptides are in PTH?
84
Somewhat counterintuitively, intermittent PTH exposure can help build bone by stimulating osteo_____?
Osteoblast
T / F : Teriparatide can be used to correct hyperparathyroidism?
False : Hypoparathyroidism
T / F : Oxyphil cells are nonfunctional.
True
Are the parathyroid glands embedded in the posterior or anterior portion of the thyroid gland?
Posterior
Where do the PTH amino acids polypeptides get processed?
Golgi Apparatus
When enhanced Ca2+ is reabsorbed through which major organ?
Kidneys
Is it typical to see cancer patients with hyper or hypo parathyroidism?
Hyperparathyroidism
Why isn't there a 400 point option?
Not enough information on the slide to make another question
Fill in the blank : Pha_y_g_al P_uc_es
Pharyngeal Pouches
PTH gene expression regulated by both extracellular ____ and Vitamin ___.
Ca2+ and Vitamin D
Follow Up on 100 point question in this category
How does it accomplish this?
Through increasing bone resorption by stimulating osteoclasts.
What is a contraindication of Sensipar? Since y'all are smart do you prescribe Sensipar to patients who are hypo or hyper?
Low calcium levels below 8.4 mg/dl and Hyper
Why isn't there a 500 point option?
Same answer as the 400 point question
Place the venous drainage in order
Inferior Thyroid Veins, Superior Thyroid Veins, Middle Thyroid Veins
Superior --> Middle --> Inferior
T/F : High Extracellular Ca2+ also positively regulates PTH secretion.
False : Negatively
What is Ca2+?
Calcium Ion
What is the MOA of a Bisphosphonates?
Bind to hydroxyapatite crystals in bone and impairs Osteoclasts ability to bind and resorb bone