Drugs
Management of osteoporosis
Analogies
Analogies 2
Anatomy
100
This drug is a RANK-L antibody and is used to treat osteoporosis
What is denosumab?
100
These are the three fundamental elements of long term osteoporosis management
What is calcium supplements, vitamin D, weight bearing exercise, pharmaceutical treatment (any 3)?
100
MEN1 is to the pancreas as MEN2 is to this organ
What is the adrenal gland? (MEN2 causes PHEO)
100
PTH is to calcitonin as GHRH is to this hormone
What is somatostatin? (they have opposite effects)
100
This is the number of parathyroid glands
What is four?
200
This drug is an osteoclast poison/disrupts osteoclast resorptive function and can stay in your bones for ~10 years
What is bisphosphonate?
200
This is generally the cutoff for osteoporosis as described by a T-score
What is 2.5 standard deviations below the average BD for a female on a DEXA scan?
200
Denosumab is to RANK-L as Bevacizumab is to this
What is VEGF? (both monoclonal antibodies, Bevacizumab is chemotherapy used to treat lung, breast, colon cancer)
200
Parathyroid hormone is to calcium as cortisol is to this
What is glucose?
200
This is the other organ that can interfere with Sestamibi scans due to its proximity to the parathyroid glands
What is the thyroid gland? (can interfere if there is hyperplasia present in the thyroid)
300
This drug uses the product of an osteoblast for it's mechanism of action and has a fast onset of action
What is denosumab? (RANKL produced by osteoblasts, much faster and more reversible than bisphosphonate)
300
This type of patient might have a DEXA T-score that does not accurately reflect the status of their bones
What is child (cartilage), man (reference is female)?
300
DAILY DOUBLE Explain how the mutations involved in MEN and familial retinoblastoma (also name protein/gene mutated in FR) are similar in terms of their inheritance and recessive/dominant character
Both are autosomal dominant--> but only dominant at organismal level while recessive at cellular level, still need two hits for both. Inheritance of the disorder gives one hit to all cells then second mutation is almost guaranteed
300
Pseudohypoparathyroidism is to this receptor as neoplasia is (often) to RTK
What is Gs? (WON'T TAKE GPCR)
300
These are the cells that secrete PTH (bonus 100 points for type of receptor that PTH binds to on bone)
What are chief cells? Bonus: GPCR
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