Passive tenses
Active or Passive?
Infinitives
Gerunds
Transform it
100

Every online payment __________ automatically. (record)

Every online payment is recorded automatically.

100

The new manager __________ our department next month. (join)

The new manager is going to join / will join our department next month.

100

The figures need __________ before the report is published. (check)

to be checked

100

I dislike __________ while I am speaking during online meetings. (interrupt)

being interrupted

100

Correct the mistake: The final report should to be completed today.

should be completed

200

The invitations __________ to the wrong email addresses yesterday. (send)

The invitations were sent to the wrong email addresses yesterday.

200

While the technicians __________ the network, all incoming emails __________ to a temporary server. (upgrade / redirect)

The technicians were upgrading the network; all incoming emails were being redirected.

200

Elena appears __________ the original file by mistake. (delete)

to have deleted

200

Before __________ the contract, make sure you understand the cancellation policy. (sign)

signing

200

Rewrite in the passive: Someone is interviewing the final candidate now. 

The final candidate is being interviewed now.

300

The main entrance __________ at the moment, so please use the side door. (repair)

The main entrance is being repaired at the moment.

300

Carla __________ three complaints since this morning, but none of the problems __________ yet. (answer / resolve)

Carla has answered three complaints; none of the problems has been resolved yet.

300

I may __________ his instructions because I went to the wrong office. (misunderstand)

have misunderstood

300

The accountant admitted __________ the figures to make the results look stronger. (alter)

altering/having altered

300

Rewrite in the passive: Someone should have warned us about the cancellation earlier. 

We should have been warned about...

400

By the time the investigation began, several important files __________. (remove)

Several important files had been removed.

400

By the time the clients arrived, the staff __________ the room, but the name badges __________. (prepare / not print)

The staff had prepared the room, but the name badges had not been printed.

400

The candidate seems __________ from the shortlist without any explanation. (remove)

to have been removed

400

After __________ access to the files twice, Priya contacted technical support. (refuse)

having been refused

400

Rewrite using a perfect passive infinitive: It seems that someone sent the customer the wrong invoice.

The customer seems to have been sent the wrong invoice.

500

By the end of Friday, all the applications __________ by two independent reviewers. (assess)

All the applications will have been assessed by two independent reviewers.

500

By June, the company __________ the old system, and the new procedures __________ in every branch. (replace / introduce)

The company will have replaced the old system, and the new procedures will have been introduced in every branch.

500

Several guests claim __________ that the starting time had changed. (not inform)

not to have been informed

500

The company denied __________ its employees closely, but staff resented __________ about the new policy. (monitor / not consult)

monitoring; not having been consulted

500

Correct the sentence so that the opening clause describes the right person: Having been promised a refund, the company received another email from Marta.

Having been promised a refund, Marta emailed the company again.

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