Ancient Civilizations & Geography
What is the Mediterranean Sea?
A sea that connects Europe, Africa, and Asia; it was an important trade route for ancient civilizations.
Which European countries colonized much of Africa in the 1800s?
Britain and France (among others during the Scramble for Africa).
What is one major challenge faced by modern African nations?
Poverty, disease, or lack of infrastructure.
What is Confucianism based on?
Respect, family loyalty, and proper behavior.
Which country is home to the world’s largest population?
China.
What is a delta?
A landform made from sediment where a river meets a larger body of water, like the Nile Delta.
What does “independence” mean for an African nation?
Freedom from colonial rule or control by another country.
What resource is central to Nigeria’s economy?
Oil (petroleum).
What religion began in India but spread widely in East Asia?
Buddhism.
What is Japan’s capital city?
Tokyo.
Which river was the lifeline of ancient Egypt?
The Nile River.
Which African leader helped end apartheid in South Africa?
Nelson Mandela.
How has desertification affected Africa?
It reduces farmland and forces people to move from rural areas.
What is the Dao in Daoism?
The natural way or path that people should follow in harmony with nature.
What major economic change has taken place in China since the 1980s?
It shifted toward a market economy and rapid industrial growth.
What is the Sahara Desert known for?
Being the largest hot desert in the world, located in North Africa.
What was the Berlin Conference of 1884–1885?
A meeting where European powers divided Africa without considering African peoples.
What organization works to promote unity and peace in Africa?
The African Union (AU).
Which East Asian religion emphasizes meditation and enlightenment?
Zen Buddhism.
What environmental challenge affects many East Asian cities?
Air pollution and smog from factories and vehicles.
Why were early civilizations often found near rivers?
Because rivers provided water for farming, drinking, and transportation.
Why was the Pan-African Movement important?
It encouraged unity among African nations and people of African descent.
How does rapid urbanization impact African cities?
It causes overcrowding, pollution, and housing shortages.
How did Confucianism influence government in China?
It promoted education and civil service exams based on merit.
Why are technology and education important to East Asia’s success today?
They drive innovation, economic growth, and global competitiveness.