CHF
What is the difference between pain with stable angina and myocardial infarction?
Pain is not relieved with rest or vasodilators in an MI.
What system increases heart rate and contractility?
Sympathetic Nervous System
Systemic or widespread vasoconstriction occurs in response to sympathetic stimulation and _______ BP.
increases
This type of anemia usually results from a deficit of folic acid or vitamin B12 in which the tongue is typically enlarged, red, sore and shiny.
Pernicicous anemia
What causesr the backup effect, or congestion, and is apparent in the systemic circulation, as shown by increased blood volume in the legs and feet, eventually also in the portan circulation and neck veins ?
Right-sided CHF
The pacemaker of the heart
SA node
What vascular disorder can result in chronic renal failure, stroke, loss of vision or CHF if poorly controlled, but can be treated with lifestyle changes such as reduced salt intake and stress management.
hypertension
Increased production of erythrocytes and other cells in the bone marrow, that may occur as a compensation mechanism intended to increase oxygen transport, and results in increased blood volume and viscosity.
Polycythemia
What causes orthopnea, cough producing white or pink-tinged phlegm, shortness of breath, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspea, hemoptysis, rales, etc?
L sided CHF
The volume pumped from one ventrible in one contraction is also known as...
*hint: it's part of an equation*
Stroke Volume
the volume of blood ejected by a ventricle in one minute (volume per min) is known as
Cardiac output
In a CBC, Hematocrit measures the percentage of red blood cells in the blood, while _______ measures the amount of oxygen-carrying protein within those red blood cells.
Hemoglobin
A patient comes in reporting chest pain described as a heavy pressure that radiates to the left arm and jaw, brought on by exertion and relieved with rest; the nurse observes the patient is pale, diaphoretic (sweaty), slightly short of breath, and anxious. The nurse knows this is a sign of...
Stable Angina
Ventricular Fibrillation
_____ is leg pain associated with exercise due to muscle ischemia, and is a key indicator of PVD and atherosclerosis
Intermittent claudication
Immature non-nucleated RBCs are called ___, and are produced in the bone marrow and may indicate bone marrow function.
Reticulocyte
What is the name for a coronary artery that is totally obstructed and leads to prolonged ischemia and cell death
myocardial infarction
Heart rate of more than 350 beats per minute that causes pooling of blood in the atria and is treated with anticoagulant meds.
Atrial Fibrillation
____ is a localized dilation and weakening of an arterial wall that can develop from a defect, turbulent blood flow at the site, etc. Frequently, a thrombus forms in the dilated area, obstructing arteries, may eventually rupture.
Aneurym
Inherited characteristic that leads to the formation of abnormal hemoglobin that changes the shape of the RBC, damaging the cell membrane leading to hemolysis, thrombus formation, hyperbilirubinemia, jaundice and gallstones.
Sickle-cell anemia