Cellular Adaptations
What is Hypertrophy?
Increase in cell size
Results in enlarged tissue mass.
A pap smear is an example of?
Dysplasia
Uncontrolled cell death
Pathological process – usually results in fibrosis or further cell damage e.g. gangrene
are examples of?
Necrosis
Tears are considered to be part of the
1. first line of defense /nonspecific
An abscess contains
Purulent Exudate
T or F
Exercising is an example of Atrophy?
False
What are the cellular changes that are reversible?
atrophy
hypertrophy
hyperplasia
metaplasia
dysplasia
Why does cell death occur?
Cell death occurs if cells cannot adapt due to prolonged or overwhelming damage or stress
The warmth and redness related to the inflammatory response results from
Increased blood flow to area
What are the cardinal signs of inflammation
redness
warmth
swelling
pain
loss of function
What is a decrease in cell size?
Atrophy
Irreversible cell changes are called?
Maladaptation
What is Apoptosis?
Programmed cell death
Normal occurrence in the body
Can cause disease sometimes
The term leukocytosis means
increased white blood cells (WBCs) in the blood.
Does Inflammation cause infection?
No, Infection, is one cause of inflammation and not vice versa.
Breast enlargement during pregnancy is an example of?
Hyperplasia
"New Growth is also known as?
Neoplasia
What are some 3 etiological agents that can cause cell damage and death?
Hypoxia
Physical Damage-trauma heat/cold pressure
Chemical Toxins
Microorganisms -bacteria fungi
Abnormal Metabolites-genetic disorders/abnormalities
Imbalance of Fluids and Electrolytes
During an inflammatory response, hyperemia is caused by
Increased blood flow in area
CBC, ESR and CRP are all?
non-specific
What is Metaplasia?
Mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type
what are undifferentiated cells, with variable nuclear and cell structures called?
Anaplasia
What are the chemical mediators that are released and function of 2?
Histamine-Vasodilation and increase in capillary permeability
Cytokines-Chemotaxis to attract WBC/fever
Bradykinin-pain
Prostaglandins -pain and fever
A serous exudate is best described as a
thin, watery, colorless exudate
events: involving leukocytes (WBC) migrating to inflamed area
Cellular