Tissues
Three layers of epithelial tissues
apical, lateral, basal
What causes membrane potentials?
Membrane potentials are the results of a difference in the concentration of ions inside and outside the cell, as well as the permeability of the cell membrane.
Name the five cardinal signs of inflammation
Rubor, Calor, Dolor, Tumor, Funtio laesa
Which lymphoma presents with waldeyer's rings?
Non Hodgkins lymphoma
Which leukemia is most common in young children?
ALL
What types of connective tissue are supportive connective tissue?
Cartilage and Bone
Give an example of cotransport/symport system.
In the intestine, the absorption of glucose and amino acids is coupled with sodium transport.
Describe the vascular phase of acute inflammation.
Momentary vasoconstriction -> rapid vasodilation
Results in rubor and calor
Increases vascular permeability leading to dolor and tumor and funtio laesa.
localization of injury
What type of cells do the lymphomas generally affect?
T-Cells and B-Cells.
Hodgkins and Non-Hodgkins are considered B-Cell Lymphomas.
What is the difference between Acute and Chronic Leukemia?
chronic leukemia involves abnormal proliferation of well differentiated cells while acute deals with immature, undifferentiated blast cells.
Name the four recognized types of connective tissue proper.
Loose (areolar), adipose, reticular, and dense connective tissue
What kind of transport is the Na+/K+ ATPase pump?
Describe the cellular phase of acute inflammation.
Delivery of leukocytes, mainly neutrophils, to injury site.
1) adhesion and margination
2) transmigration
3) chemotaxis
4) activation and phagocytosis
Which lymphoma is multicentric and non-contiguous?
Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma
What kind of leukemia interferes with maturation of all blood cells, including granulocytes, erythrocytes, and thrombocytes?
Myelogenous (Myeloid)
What makes skeletal and cardiac muscles striated?
What is the different between passive and active transport?
Active: Low concentration to high concentration
Passive: high concentration to low concentration
Describe Granuloma formation
Associated with foreign bodies such as splinter in body. Starts as a small 1-2mm lesion with a massing of macrophages surrounded by other lymphocytes.
This Lymphoma peaks in 2 groups, 15-25 and 55-75
Hodgkins lymphoma
What causes bone pain in leukemia(s)? Which type of leukemia is bone pain most associated with?
Cancerous immature blast cells crowd the bones, causing pain. Most closely associated with Acute leukemias
At what specialized structures does communication between neurons and effector organs occur at?
What is the difference between Endocytosis and exocytosis?
endocytosis: uptake or incorporation of substances into the cell by engulfing it in cell membrane in order to form a membrane-bound vesicle.
exocytosis: cellular vesicle fuses to cell membrane in order to release contents outside of the cell.
Four types of inflammatory mediators
1) cell derived
2) plasma
3) Preformed mediators
4) newly synthesized
True or False: Hodgkin Lymphoma is characterized by Bence-Jones cells.
False.
What phase of CML represents an evolution towards AML?
Terminal BLast Crisis phase