Innate and Adaptive Immunity
This is the non-specific 1st line defense system that is present at birth.
What is innate immunity?
Stay away from these! These are agents that carries infectious microorganisms from an infected organism to uninfected ones.
What are vectors?
Oh no! This type of immunity is when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy cells, tissues, and organs, leading to tissue damage.
What is autoimmunity?
This is the oxygen-carrying protein located within red blood cells.
What is hemoglobin?
What is anemia?
This third line of human defenses involves memory where the immune system remembers antigen and responds to remove from the body.
What is adaptive immunity?
This was like covid in 2020 when two or more different viral strains combine to form a new subtype.
What is antigenic shift?
This disease is a type 2 hypersensitivity that includes symptoms like bulging eyes, heart palpitations, weight loss, smooth velvety skin, and increased energy.
What is grave's disease?
These type of cells are essential for blood coagulation and control of bleeding. They also assist with healing and aggregate when injury occurs.
What are platelets or thrombocytes?
Pernicious anemia is caused by this vitamin deficiency and is often associated with autoimmune gastritis.
What is vitamin B12?
The 4th step of inflammation, also known as Chemical Mediators, promotes this along with permeability and attracting more immune cells.
What is convalescence?
Lupus is the most common autoimmune disease. This type of rash is the biggest clinical manifestation of the disease.
What is a butterfly rash?
Plasma proteins are categorized into 3 categories. Two of them are albumin and globulins, but this is the third one.
What is fibrinogen?
This condition is when a patient has enlarged lymph nodes. It can be generalized or localized.
What is lymphadenopathy?
Uh oh! You need to stop bleeding using platelets, fibrin, and the coagulation cascade. You should use this type of plasma protein system.
What is the clotting system?
These two types of hepatitis are spread through fecal oral transmission. Gross!
What are hepatitis A and hepatitis E?
This syndrome is the most advanced stage of HIV where a person has recurrent infections, fevers, night sweats, and weight loss.
What is AIDS?
Approximately this many milligrams of iron is needed for red blood cell production.
This type of cancer affects the plasma cells. It infiltrates the bone marrow and forms into tumor masses in the skeletal system.
What is multiple myeloma?
This antibody is the most prevalent and is able to cross the placenta. Hint, most of its protective activity is against infections.
What is IgG?
This skin condition is when there is an infection or inflammation of the dermis/subcutaneous layer. Symptoms include erythema, warmth, swollen, and pain.
What is cellulitis?
This primary immune mechanism is involved in type 4 hypersensitivity?
What are t cells?
Oh no! This type of iron is toxic to human cells. It leads to iron overload and liver failure, damage to the heart, and endocrine disorders.
What is unbound free iron?
This is known as a stationary clot attached to a vessel wall. It can be arterial or venous.
What is thrombus?