Immunity Alterations
This condition is an allergic reaction to natural rubber protein or to additives used in processing rubber into a finished product.
What is latex allergy?
This leukemia arises from lymphocytes called lymphoblasts, where T and B cells fail to mature beyond the blast stage, often with chromosomal or structural changes present.
What is acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)?
This manifestation is defined as pain with walking, often relieved by rest, and is a hallmark of peripheral arterial disease.
What is claudication?
This disorder of early stem cells in the bone marrow leads to pancytopenia—deficiency of red cells, white cells, and platelets—due to bone marrow failure. It may be autoimmune, congenital, or caused by exposure to radiation, drugs, viruses, or toxins.
What is Aplastic Anemia?
This valve disorder involves narrowing of the valve opening, causing turbulent blood flow and increased cardiac workload that can lead to chamber hypertrophy.
What is Stenosis?
HIV infection is classified as AIDS when the CD4 cell count drops below this level.
What is 200 cells/cm^3)
This condition refers to abnormally low white blood cell counts, increasing the risk of infection, and is defined as fewer than 4,000 cells per microliter.
What is leukopenia?
A patient is considered hypertensive when their blood pressure reading is above this threshold.
What is 140/90 mmHg?
This is the most common type of anemia, caused by decreased hemoglobin synthesis and impaired oxygen delivery - often due to chronic blood loss, pregnancy, gastrointestinal bleeding, or aspirin use.
What is Iron Deficiency Anemia?
This valve disorder occurs when the valve fails to close completely, allowing backward blood flow, stasis in the chamber behind it, and an increased risk of thrombus formation or reduced coronary circulation.
What is Incompetent (Regurgitant) Valve?
This condition develops when the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, either in one organ or system-wide, often with an unknown cause or trigger.
What is an autoimmune disease?
These measures focus on protecting the patient from exposure rather than protecting yourself.
What are neutropenic precautions?
This condition may present with pain, swelling, tenderness, fever, malaise, increased WBCs, and warmth along the vein.
What is deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Exacerbations of this inherited hemoglobin disorder can be triggered by cold exposure, stress, physical exertion, infection, or conditions that cause hypoxia, dehydration, or acidosis.
What is Sickle Cell Disease?
Seen more often in women, this valve disorder involves degeneration of valve leaflets that become floppy and balloon back into the left atrium, allowing blood to regurgitate.
What is Mitral Valve Prolapse?
These represent the ways in which HIV can spread from one person to another (4).
What are IV drug use, risky/unsafe sexual behavior, blood transfusions, and mother-to-child (breastmilk/in utero)?
In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), this is the initial treatment approach for slow-growing disease.
What is watchful waiting?
Lethargy, confusion, increased heart rate, vasoconstriction, increased respiratory rate, and decreased urine output are manifestations of this circulatory concern.
What is hypotension?
This disorder results from a deficiency of clotting factor VIII, leading to impaired blood coagulation. Severity varies from mild bleeding with trauma to severe spontaneous bleeding into joints and soft tissues.
What is Hemophilia A?
This arrhythmia features chaotic atrial impulses with no visible P waves, an irregular rhythm, and symptoms such as palpitations, fatigue, or acute pulmonary edema. It results in ineffective atrial contraction and increases the risk of thrombus or emboli formation.
What is Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib)?
These are the two ways a person can acquire active immunity.
What are immunization and exposure to disease?
Painless enlarged lymph nodes, fevers, chills, night sweats, weight loss, itching, and fatigue are hallmark signs of this group of cancer.
What is lymphoma?
This type of ulcer, often associated with venous insufficiency or trauma, appears as a dark red lesion with uneven margins, usually on the medial ankle, and is painful with edema.
What is a venous stasis ulcer?
This is the most common inherited bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in both factor VIII and the vWF complex, leading to poor platelet function.
What is Von Willebrand disease?
These are the two shockable cardiac rhythms that can be treated with defibrillation.
What are Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) and Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)?