Endocrine System
Which of the following endocrine glands is known as the "master gland"
a. hypothalamus
b. pituitary
c. adrenal
d. parathyroid
b pituitary
Blood cells are formed in the bone marrow inside the bones by a process called
a. osteogenesis
b. neurogenesis
c. hematopoiesis
d. gluconeogenesis
C hematopoiesis
Process of making blood cells
heme: blood
esis: making
What CNS disorder is characterized by abnormal electrical activity in the brain?
a. Bell's palsy
b. epilepsy
c. dementia
d. cerebral palsy
b. epilepsy (disease of more than one seizure episode)
The etiology for rabies is
a. idiopathic
b. autoimmune
c. bacterial
d. viral
d viral
Muscle that is responsible for voluntary movement is defined histologically (study of cells under a microscope) as...
smooth, striated
skeletal, striated.
skeletal, nonstriated.
cardiac, nonstriated
b (2)
voluntary muscle is skeletal and striated
This type of diabetes mellitus that was formerly known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is
a. type II
b. type I
c. type IV
d. type III
b type I
Which of the following occurs during systole?
a. atria fill
b. ventricles contract
c. atria relax
d. septum is punctured
b. ventricles contract during systole (ventricles are pumping blood into arteries)
Patient C has trouble balancing after suffering a concussion during a traffic accident. What part of the brain may be damaged?
a. cerebellum
b. prefrontal cortex
c. medulla oblongta
d. pons
a. cerebellum
A patient with pain in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen, nausea, vomiting, and fever will likely have an elevated count for which type of cells?
a. White blood cells
b. platelets
c. red blood cells
d. hematocrit
a. white blood cells
Signs of infection --> WBC increase to fight infection
Person D always needs to be the center of attention and wears certain clothing to draw attention to themselves. What personality disorder do they exhibit?
a. Narcissistic personality disorder
b. Borderline personality disorder
c. Dependent personality disorder
d. Histrionic personality disorder
d. Histrionic personality disorder
The "attention seeking" or "dramatic" personality disorder
Which of the following metabolic by-products are produced in severe insulin deficiency?
a. glucose
b. urea
c. ketone bodies
d. adenosine
c ketones
Fat is broken down for energy in severe diabetes, in the process, ketones are produced as by-products.
Patient B has been diagnosed with right-sided congestive heart failure (CHF). Which of the following symptoms is patient B LEAST LIKELY to experience?
a. weakening of the right ventricle so it cannot fully empty
b. edema in legs and digestive system
c. increased cardiac output
d. backlog of blood in systemic circulation
c increased cardiac output
patient has heart problem, not going to increase the amount of blood pumped by heart
What is the most common cause of TIA?
a. subarchnoid hemorrhage
b. embolus
c. occulsion of an artery
d. deep vein thrombosis (CVT)
b embolus
An embolus is a moving clot, it causes mini strokes. A thrombus is an immovable clot, leads to strokes. *DVT doesn't cause stroke because it's not in the brain
a. parkinson's
b. huntington's
c. myathenia gravis
d. tetanus
d. tetanus (the disease you get from stepping on rusty nails)
This procedure is used to diagnose congenital anomalies in a fetus between the 15th and 18th week of pregnancy
a. optogenetics
b. amniocentesis
c. computerized tomography (CT)
d. diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)
b amniocentesis
This is where a long needle is inserted into the uterus and amniotic fluid is extracted for testing
The condition that causes weakened bones, kidney stones, depressed nervous system, slow heart rate, abdominal pain, vomiting and constipation is
a. hyperadrenalism
b. hypergonadism
c. hyperparathyroidism
d. hypothyroidism
c. hyperparathyroidism
PTH increases Ca+ concentration in blood, causing kidney stones and osteoporosis (decreased calclium in bones)
The severe pain of MI is described as burning, squeezing, crushing and radiating to the arm, neck or jaw. These symptoms are due to:
a. enlargement of the right ventricle due to peripheral edema
b. decreased pressure throughout the vascular system
c. dyspnea and palpitations on exertion
d. diminished blood flow and lower oxygen saturation
d. diminished blood flow and low oxygen saturation
MI is caused by blocked blood flow to heart, therefore symptoms are caused by reduced O2 to heart as well.
Patient A suffers from a progressive, destructive motor neuron disease that has resulted in muscular atrophy. What condition does patient A have?
a. huntington's chorea
b. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
c. osteomyelitis
d. gangrene
b ALS
disease of progressive degeneration of motor neuron, leads to muscular atrophy and eventually inability to breathe
____ are antiviral proteins produced after a viral infection that can stimulate nearby uninfected cells to resist viral infections, and increase the activity of macrophages and natural killer cells
a. interferons
b. podocytes
c. anti-histamines
d. virions
a interferons
Substance that is made in the body (or artificially made and introduced to the system) to help boost the immune system and initiate anti-viral responses in nearby cells.
A chronic autoimmune disease that is characterized by fatigue, arthritis, butterfly rash, photosensitivity, and mouth or nose ulcers is
a. acromegaly
b. cretinism
c. AIDS
d. systemic lupus erythematosus
d lupus
Diabetes insipidus is a disturbance of water metabolism caused by reduced amounts of vasopressin from which endocrine gland?
a. adrenal
b. anterior pituitary
c. hypothalamus
d. posterior pituitary
d. posterior pituitary
What valve is most often involved with valvular heart disease?
a. aortic valve
b. bicuspid valve
c. pulmonary valve
d. tricuspid valve
b bicuspid valve
The neurological condition Bell's Palsy that causes a sudden onset of weakness or paralysis of facial muscles is caused by an inflammation of the
a. first cranial nerve
b. third cranial nerve
c. seventh cranial nerve
d. tenth cranial nerve
c seventh cranial nerve AKA facial nerve
What type of T cells stimulate the B cells to differentiate into plasma cells and produce more antibodies?
a. Cytotoxic
b. Helper
c. memory
d. supressor
b helper T cells
Most important cell in adaptive immunity. They activate B cells to secrete antibodies, and help activate cytotoxic T cells to kill infected target cells.
A CVA that causes damage to the right side of the brain will result in
a. paralysis from the waist down
b. left side paralysis
c. right side paralysis
d. none of the above
b left side paralysis
your right brain controls everything on the left