Cardiovascular Disorders
Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body?
A. Right atrium
B. Right ventricle
C. Left atrium
D. Left ventricle
D. Left ventricle
Gas exchange primarily occurs in the:
A. Bronchi
B. Alveoli
C. Trachea
D. Larynx
B. Alveoli
Which electrolyte is most important for maintaining normal cardiac rhythm?
A. Calcium
B. Sodium
C. Potassium
D. Magnesium
C. Potassium
Hypertension can damage blood vessels even if the patient has no symptoms.
True or False
True
Why: High blood pressure silently damages arteries over time, increasing the risk of heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, and heart failure.
Which disorder causes destruction of alveolar walls?
A. Pneumonia
B. Asthma
C. Emphysema
D. Tuberculosis
C. Emphysema
True or False
Hyperkalemia increases the risk of dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias.
True
Which are risk factors for coronary artery disease?
A. Smoking
B. Diabetes
C. High HDL cholesterol
D. Hypertension
E. Obesity
A,B,D,E
True or False
Asthma is characterized by reversible airway obstruction.
True
Select ALL that apply
Signs of dehydration include:
A. Increased urine output
B. Tachycardia
C. Dry mucous membranes
D. Hypotension
E. Poor skin turgor
B C D E
Which change occurs first after a myocardial infarction?
A. Increased cardiac output
B. Death of cardiac muscle cells due to ischemia
C. Increased oxygen delivery
D. Increased ventricular compliance
B. Death of cardiac muscle cells due to ischemia
Select ALL that apply
Which factors contribute to hypoxemia?
A. Low hemoglobin
B. Hyperventilation
C. Airway obstruction
D. High altitude
E. Pulmonary edema
A,C,D,E
A patient with prolonged vomiting is most likely to develop:
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis
B. Metabolic alkalosis
Select ALL that apply
A patient has left-sided heart failure. Which findings would you expect?
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Peripheral edema
C. Crackles
D. Orthopnea
E. Shortness of breath
A,C,D,E
Select ALL that apply
Common signs of COPD include:
A. Barrel chest
B. Productive cough
C. Bradycardia
D. Dyspnea
E. Wheezing
A,B,D,E
Which situations commonly cause metabolic acidosis?
A Diabetic ketoacidosis
B Severe diarrhea
C Renal failure
D Vomiting
E Lactic acidosis
A B C E