Oncology
TMN classification can be used to classify ..
T: Size of primary tumor
N: Regional lymph node involvement
M: Distant metastasis
Function test that is used for specific detection of direct hepatic injury? Normal ranges?
ALT: Alanine Aminotransferase (SGPT)
Normal Ranges: 5-35
To be diagnosed with schizophrenia, you need to have 2 or more of the following sxs:
Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized/catatonic behavior, flattened affect
Pt presents with signs of UMN and LMN involvement, what disease may be present?
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
How are Guillain Barre Syndrome and Multiple Sclerosis different?
GB is is an auto immune attack on the Schwann cells of peripheral nerves. MS is an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the CNS.
Pt presents with cancer that has metastasized throughout the nearby area, what stage is this?
Stage 3
Low levels of albumin can change osmotic pressure within blood vessels leads to ...
Peripheral edema and ascites
Monitoring vital signs (tachycardia,higher BP), observing muscle tone/pain in neck/back or shoulders are the PT implications of what disorder?
Anxiety
Weakness, hyporeflexia, hypotonicity, atrophy, and muscle cramps are all ...
Lower Motor Neuron symptoms
75% of cases of ________ were preceded by acute infection 2 weeks prior
Guillain Barre Syndrome
How does adjuvant differ from neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Adjuvant is given after local treatment, works to prevent recurrence. Neoadjuvant is given prior to main treatment.
What is the main difference between conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin in LFT presentations?
Conjugated: High levels indicate hepatic jaundice
Unconjugated: High levels indicate prehepatic jaundice
According to DSM-5, Depression diagnosis must include ...
5 or more of the sxs present most nearly every day for a minimum of 2 consecutive weeks
Amyloid Cascade is a neurological hallmark of what degenerative neurological condition?
Alzheimers disease
Pt presents with LMN sxs, rapid progression symmetrical weakness, diminished reflexes, amd stocking/glove pattern of sensory disturbances. What disease is most likely present?
Guillain Barre Syndrome
Pt presents with lymphoma that doesn't involve Reed-Sternberg cells, some T cell involvement, and is being treated with primarily chemo. What kind of lymphoma is presented?
Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma
Pt presents with pain radiating to the R shoulder/upper back, jaundice, pale stool, elevated total & conjugated bilirubin, pain in upper abdomen, and pain occurs after mostly after meals.
Cholelithiasis (formation of stones in the bile that block flow)
Pt presents with sudden significant weight loss, unsteady gait, sweating, lack of motivation, bloodshot eyes, and deterioration of physical appearance. What disorder might this pt have and how would you deal with it as a PT?
Substance Use Disorder. Refer pt back to PCP
Parkisons Disorder is progressive, degenerative disorder due to loss of _____________.
Dopamine producing cells in the Substantia Nigra (which is in the basal ganglia in midbrain)
Ischemic versus hemorrhagic CVA
Ischemic: clot blocks blood flow to area of brain (way more common)
Hemorrhagic: bleeding occurs inside or around brain tissue (way more deadly)
Pt presents with a hemoglobin level of 7.5 d/dl and a platelet count of 19,000 cells/ul. What kind of exercise should be performed with this patient?
Low intensity/light exercise only with close sxs monitoring
(Hg Levels less than 8: low intensity exercise only)
(Platelets less than 20,000: light exercise w/ close sxs monitoring)
Stages of Acute Hepatitis
Incubation Phase (exposure-2 weeks)
Prodromal Phase (~2 weeks-onset of jaundice)
Icteric Phase (variable start times but marks onset of jaundice)
Recovery Phase (Resolution of jaundice- lasts up to 3-4 months)
What should PT do if they suspect their pt has schizophrenia?
Refer to PCP if suspected. When handled.. minimize the secondary affects of the disease (risk reduction for CVD)
To be diagnosed with Parkinsons, one must have ____ out of 3 of the hallmark symptoms which are??
2 out of 3! SXS: tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity
1 year old pt presents with decreased strength, impaired motor control, altered muscle tone, reduced postural control, and persistence of primitive reflexes. What is the likely diagnosis?
Cerebral Palsy