The Lid
what do lesions with irregular walls, thick irregular septations, mural nodules, and solid echogenic elements favor?
Malignancy
Which ovarian neoplasms can weight over 100lbs and is 15-30cm?
Mucinous cystadenoma
what are endodermal sinus tumors also called?
Yolk sac tumors
Granulosa
What is a differential sonographic finding of mesastatic disease?
solid with "moth eaten" cystic pattern
unilocular and thinly septated cysts favor?
benign
What percent of germ cell tumors calcify?
40%
What are the characteristics of a dysgerminoma?
rare, malignant germ cell tumor that is frequently solid affecting women <30 years old
Most common germ cell ovarian malignancy
Dysgerminoma
What can mimic advanced ovarian cancer?
metastatic disease
Ovarian Carcinoma is the ____ leading cause of cancer death.
Fourth
What percent of germ cell tumors are benign cystic teratomas ?
95%
How does mucinous tumors appear sonographically in 75% of patients?
simple or septate thin walled multilocular cysts
What condition is associated with Meigs syndrome ?
Fibroma
What percent of ovarian neoplasms are metastatic in origin?
5-10%
What percent of Ovarian malignancies occur btw ages 40-60?
60%
What age group does mucinous cystadenoma affect?
13- 45 years old
What percent of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma are bilateral when malignant?
15-20%
Which stroma tumor has signs of increased estrogen production?
Thecoma
What is the least common GYN malignancy at <1%?
Patients with breast cancer have a ____ risk for ovarian cancer and patients with ovarian cancer have ______ risk for breast cancer.
increased, 3-4 times
Which epithelial tumor is more likely bilateral?
Serous
What is germ cell tumors associated with?
elevated alpha- fetoprotein (AFP) and HCG levels
What are the most common ovarian neoplasms in pregnancy?
Dysgerminoma and serous cystadenoma
what is the sonographic finding of carcinoma of the fallopian tube?
"sausage" shaped complex mass
What genetic mutations are associated with breast and ovarian cancer?
BRCA1 and BRCA2
Second most common benign tumor of the ovary
Serous cystadenoma
What is the second most common benign tumor of the ovary?
Dermoid tumor
What germ cell tumor has a poor prognosis is rare, rapid growing, unilateral and usually affects women under 20?
Endodermal sinus tumor
What is Krukenburg tumors?
"drop" mestases from GI tract to ovaries, primarily stomach but can come from biliary tree, GB or pancreas
What is the strongest risk factor for ovarian cancer?
Family history of ovarian or breast cancer
What age group does Mucinous adenocarcinoma most frequently affect?
40- 70 yrs old
What percent of ovarian cysts less than 5cm are malignant?
3%
Second most common germ cell ovarian malignancy
Endodermal sinus tumor
What complication is associated with rupture of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma?
pseudomyxoma peritoneum