Foundations & Professionalism
The legal document that designates another person to make medical decisions for a patient if they become incapacitated.
What is a Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare (or Healthcare Proxy)?
The single most effective way to prevent the spread of infection in a healthcare setting.
What is hand hygiene (handwashing)?
The normal range for an adult's resting pulse rate in beats per minute.
What is 60 to 100 bpm?
The body system made up of skin, hair, and nails that serves as the body’s first line of defense against infection.
What is the integumentary system?
The non-invasive device placed on a patient's finger to measure the oxygen saturation level in the blood.
What is a pulse oximeter?
Violating this federal law regarding patient privacy and health information can result in heavy fines or termination.
What is HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)?
The acronym RACE used during a hospital fire stands for Rescue, Alarm, Contain, and this final step.
What is Extinguish (or Evacuate)?
A blood pressure reading consistently above 130/80 mmHg is classified as this medical condition.
What is hypertension?
To prevent pressure injuries, bedbound patients should be repositioned at least every this many hours.
What is every 2 hours?
When caring for a patient with a urinary catheter, the drainage bag should always be kept below this level to prevent backflow.
What is the level of the bladder?
Performing a procedure on a patient without obtaining their informed consent or after they have refused can be legally classified as this.
What is battery?
This type of transmission-based precaution is required for patients diagnosed with Tuberculosis or Measles, requiring the use of an N95 respirator.
What are Airborne Precautions?
This pulse site, located on the inner aspect of the wrist, is most commonly used when taking routine vital signs.
What is the radial pulse?
A partial-thickness skin loss involving the epidermis or dermis that looks like a blister or shallow crater is categorized as this stage of a pressure ulcer.
What is Stage 2?
A 12-lead ECG requires this total number of physical electrodes placed on the patient's chest and limbs.
What is 10 electrodes?
Unethical behavior, such as accepting tips or gifts from patients, violates these vital professional limits.
What are professional boundaries?
Equipment such as gloves, gowns, masks, and eye protection worn to protect staff from infectious materials.
What is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
Difficulty or labor-intensive breathing is medically referred to as this.
What is dyspnea?
The condition characterized by blood sugar levels dropping dangerously low, often causing sweating, dizziness, and confusion.
What is hypoglycemia?
During phlebotomy, leaving a tourniquet on a patient's arm for longer than 1 minute can cause this alteration in blood test results.
What is hemoconcentration?
This term describes the failure to provide necessary care, resulting in unintended physical or mental harm to a patient.
What is negligence?
In the chain of infection, an organism that causes disease (like a bacterium or virus) is known as this link.
What is the causative agent (or pathogen)?
The top number in a blood pressure reading represents this phase when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood.
What is systolic pressure?
The medical term for the permanent shortening and hardening of a muscle, joint, or tendon, often caused by prolonged inactivity.
What is a contracture?
The order of draw for venipuncture dictates that blood culture bottles or yellow-stopper tubes are drawn first to prevent this.
What is bacterial contamination?