Pedestrian Contacts
Legal considerations
Officers must distinguish consensual encounters from detentions.
what factors must officers consider when initiating detention of a pedestrian
Persons appearance, Persons actions, prior knowledge of the person, Area of purposed contact.
What do you need to do if you recognize a undercover cop ?
If such an encounter takes place the officer should not draw attention to the undercover officer unless that officer initiates the contact.
What would a officer need to do in a vehicle pullover and what might it have ?
if someone runs away officer should usually stay with the car
more people involved
things that can help identify the person who ran
other evidence of crimes
What is a check of person?
Officers on preventative patrol can detain individuals to investigate suspicious activities; detention is more substantial than a consensual encounter but less than an arrest.
If there's multiple suspects, officers must
Call for backup!
How should a officer treat a plain clothe officer ?
They should treat him like any other person.
What happens if the officer can't make a wide turn ?
use a mirror to look around the corner
peek around the corner from a lower position
stop the chase if it's too risky
What is lawful detention?
A lawful detention requires reasonable suspicion of criminal activity, based on facts, observations, training, or information from others.
What are the steps for a tactical approach and contact?
Select a location with controlled escape routes, minimal bystanders, and good lighting. Notify dispatch with location, number of subjects, reason for contact, and need for backup. Approach suspect from rear if possible, keeping them in view.
A officer should treat a plain clothes officer like a normal civilian
True or False
True
How should officers be in pursuit in unfamiliar areas ?
officers get lost or are in a new place they should tell dispatch
house numbers
landmarks (like big signs or buildings)
descriptions of buildings
High Obstacles (like fences or walls)
What are investigative actions?
Once officers detain a suspect, they may take reasonable investigative actions to determine the suspect's identity and involvement in a crime.
What are the rules regarding the length of detention?
A detention must be temporary and last only as long as necessary. If extended beyond what is reasonable, it becomes invalid. Officers' observations during detention can increase suspicion and justify a longer detention or arrest. If the suspect satisfactorily answers questions, reducing suspicion, they must be released.
What are signs that someone will run away
looking around to escape.
Stand on their toes ready to run.
move back and forth or bounce in place.
quickly get out of a car or jump off something
slowly move away from the police
try to make the police look somewhere else
What are the consequences of inappropriate detentions?
Without proper knowledge of actions during pedestrian contact, officers may cause unlawful detentions or arrests, unsuccessful prosecutions, and possible injuries to themselves or pedestrians.
What are the safety considerations officers must follow during pedestrian contacts?
Without proper knowledge of actions during pedestrian contact, officers may cause unlawful detentions or arrests, unsuccessful prosecutions, and possible injuries to themselves or pedestrians. Officers must prioritize safety during contacts by avoiding complacency and poor planning. They should use a field interview position, keep their gun hand free, stay aware of surroundings, and monitor the individual's hands, size, and demeanor.
Why do people run when getting chased by the police ?
probation or parole or have warrants
scared of getting in trouble if seen talking to the police
already have serious crimes on their record and don't want another one
can be afraid of the police