Terms
the study of distribution and determinants of health-related states and events in specified populations
what is epidemiology?
an outbreak that results from a group of persons being exposed to a common influence, such as an infectious agent or toxin
what is common-source?
aims to prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs
what is primary prevention?
an infected individual who can transmit the disease to others
what is active carrier?
occurs through skin-to-skin contact, kissing, and sexual intercourse
what is direct transmission?
a disease that affects a large number of people within a community, population, or region
What is Epidemic?
outbreak results from transmission from one person to another
a person being personally involved in prevention (ex. Lifestyle changes)
what is active primary prevention?
a person or other organism that has become infected with a pathogen, but that displays no signs or symptoms
what is passive carrier?
refers to the transfer of an infectious agent from a reservoir to a host by suspended air particles, inanimate object, or anmate intermediaries
what is indirect transmission?
an epidemic that's spread over multiple countries or continents
What is Panemic?
a person or animal that harbors a specific infectious agent without discernible clinical disease and serves as a potential source of infection
person is not actively involved in directly preventing (ex. Public health efforts)
what is passive primary prevention?
are those who have recovered from their illness but remain capable of transmitting to others
what is convalescent carrier?
occurs when infectious agents are carried by dust or droplet nuclei suspended in air
what is airborne-transmission?
something that belongs to a particular people or country
is the habitat in which the agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies
what is reservoir?
includes those measures that lead to early diagnosis and prompt treatment of disease
what is secondary prevention?
are those who can transmit the agent during the incubation period before clinical illness begins
what is incubatory carrier?
disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding anthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas
any disease or infection that is naturally transmissible from vertebrae animals to humans
an inanimate object to carry a pathogen from one susceptible animal to another?
What is fomite?
improve quality of life by reducing disability, limiting or delaying complications, and restoring function
what is tertiary prevention?
individuals who have been exposed to and harbor a pathogen and who can spread the disease at different places or intervals
what is intermittent carrier?
the transfer of pathogens from an infected host or a contaminated substrate to a susceptible host
what is mechanical transmission?