Epidemiology Triangle
What is impacting the opportunity for exposure?
The six points of The Chain of Infection
Define epidemic
What is a generally sudden increase in number of cases of a disease above the normally expected level within a community, population, or region?
Define primary prevention
What is aiming to prevent disease or injury before it occurs?
Define direct transmission
What is an infectious agent transferred from a reservoir to a susceptible host by direct contact or droplet spread?
Define host in the epidemiology triangle
What is something that impacts exposure susceptibility and response?
Define portal of exit
What is the path by which a pathogen leaves its host?
Define outbreak
What is a more-than-expected increase in the number of endemic cases?
Define active primary prevention with an example
What is a behavior change on the part of the individual in order to prevent a disease or disorder from occuring? (ex. adding exercise to ones lifestyle)
Define indirect transmission
What is the transmission of an infectious agent from a reservoir to a host by suspended air particles, inanimate objects, or animate intermediaries?
Define infectious agent in the epidemiology triangle
What is the cause?
Define portal of entry
What is the manner in which a pathogen enters a susceptible host?
Define sporadic
What is to occur occasionally or at irregular intervals of time or only in a few geographical places?
Define passive primary prevention with an example
What is something that does not require behavior change on the part of the individual in order to prevent a disease or disorder from occuring? (ex. public health efforts to keep water clean)
Define airborne transmission
What is an infectious agent carried by dust or droplet nuclei suspended in air?
Define time in the epidemiology triangle
What is what epidemiologists are working against?
Define mode of transmission
What is a way that an infectious agent may be transmitted from its natural reservoir to a susceptible host?
Define pandemic
What is an epidemic that has spread over multiple countries or continents and usually affects a large number of people?
Define secondary prevention
Define vector-borne transmission
What is something like a mosquito, flea, or tick that may carry an infectious agent through purely mechanical means or may support growth or changes in the agent?
Define epidemiology trangle
What is a tool used for addressing three components that contribute to the spread of disease?
Define reservoir
What is a habitat in which the infectious agent normally lives, grows and multiplies
Define endemic
What is something that belongs to a particular people or population?
Define tertiary prevention
What is trying to improve your quality of life and reduce the symptoms of a disease you already have?
Define vehicle-borne transmission
What is something that may indirectly transmit an infectious agent including food, water, biological products, and fomites?