Normal Ranges
Fluid
Electrolytes
Abnormalities/ Foods
Nursing Interventions/Findings
100
Potassium (K)
3.5-5
100
Fluid inside the cell is referred to as
Intracellular
100
What are symptoms of HYPOcalcemia
•T: Trousseau’s sign
•Flexion of wrist and thumb
•C: Chvostek’s sign
•Twitching of facial muscles
•Diarrhea
•Facial tingling
•Laryngeal stridor- harsh grating sound do to the larynx collapsing (priority!)
100
What main food is rich in potassium
BANNNANAS
100
Nursing Interventions for FVE
•Weigh patient daily
•Intake and Output
•Elevate HOB
•Restricting the patients fluid/ sodium (where sodium goes, fluid flows!)
200
Sodium (Na)
135-145
200
Name the best way to assess fluid gain and loss.
Daily Weights
200
What are symptoms of HYPERkalemia
•EKG changes
•Hypotension, bradycardia
•Diarrhea/ hyperactive bowel sounds
•Paralysis and profound muscle weakness or heavy feeling
200
What would FVE look like?
•Crackles
•SOB
•JVD
•Pitting edema
•Weight gain
200
Nursing interventions for FVD
•Monitor I’s and O’s
•Implement fall precautions
300
Calcium (Ca)
8.5-10.5
300
What is this called?
Pitting Edema
300
What are symptoms of HYPOnatremia
•Seizures and coma
•Tachycardia and weak thread pulses
•Reparatory arrest
300
What would FVD look like?
•Hypotension (check orthostatics!)
•Tachypnea
•Tachycardia
•Weak thread pulses
•Prolonged cap refill
•Oliguria (less urine output)
300
This finding is associated with what fluid volume disturbance?
Fluid volume overload
400
Magnesium (Mg)
1.8-3.6
400
Muscle holds on to
Water
400
What are symptoms of HYPOkalemia
•Muscle cramping
•Constipation, abdominal distention/ hypoactive bowel sounds
•Paralytic ileus
400
To test for this problem of hypocalcemia, the healthcare provider taps on the patient’s facial nerve in from of the ear. A positive response indicating hypocalemia will be a spasm of the side of face back towards the ear showing increased neuromuscular irritability
Chvostek’s sign
400
This finding may indicate which electrolyte abnormality?
Hypocalcemia
500
Human body is made up of?
60-70% fluid
500
Name the 4 organs that fluids are lost
•Kidneys
•Skin
•Lungs
•GI tract
500
What are symptoms of HYPERnatremia
•Flushed (red and rosy skin)
•Edema
•Polydipsia (excess thirst)
•Nausea and vomiting
500
When you took your patient's blood pressure, you noticed flexion of his wrist and fingers. What electrolyte imbalance does your patient have?
Hypocalcemia
500
Name the primary concern with potassium imbalance.
What is cardiac dysrhythmias and cardiac arrest