Microscopic Muscle Anatomy
What type of muscle tissue is striated and contains intercalated discs?
Cardiac Muscle
What muscle is the agonist when you are doing a pushup?
Biceps brachii
Once a muscle is signaled to contract, what ion causes a muscle action potential by entering the cell?
Sodium
What is the scientific term for when your muscles grow in size?
Muscular Hypertrophy
What two types of muscle tissues are involuntary?
Cardiac and Smooth
What is the contractile unit of a muscle fiber called?
Sarcomere
In a skeletal muscle, muscle fibers combine together to form what?
Fascicles
What are the two main myofilaments involved in sliding filament theory?
Actin & Myosin
What are the two benefits of aerobic exercise?
Increased blood flow and mitochondria
What is the scientific term for when your muscles shrink when you don't use them?
Atrophy
What is the midline of sarcomere called?
M Line
Give an example of two places in the body where you can find smooth muscle.
Digestive System, Reproductive System, Respiratory System, Blood Vessels
What is the name of the organelle that stores calcium in the muscle?
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
What system is used to make energy to fuel your muscles for long term exercise that lasts longer than five minutes?
Aerobic Respiration
What two hormones stimulate muscle growth?
Growth Hormone & Testosterone
What are two ways that the sarcoplasm of a muscle fiber is different than that of a skin cell?
Contains myofilaments, more mitochondria, and multiple nuclei
When you are flexing your toes back towards your body, what is the point of origin?
Proximal end of the tibialis anterior OR Knee
What is the name of the neurotransmitter that causes skeletal muscle contraction?
Acetylcholine
What type of muscle fibers appear white in color and fatigue rapidly?
What are the three types of molecules that you use to fuel your muscles?
Glucose, Glycogen, Adipose
When a muscle is at rest, what myofilament(s) can be found in the I band?
Actin only
List the four muscle coverings from the outermost to the innermost.
Deep Fascia, Epimysium, Perimysium, Endomysium
What has to move off the myosin binding sites in order for muscle contraction to happen?
Tropomyosin
What is the name of the first exercise system that breaks down creatine phosphate to fuel your muscles?
Phosphagen System
What is the name of the molecule that stores oxygen in the muscles?
Myoglobin