Epidemiology
Identifying Priority Health Issues
Priority Areas
Priority Areas 2
Ageing Population
100

According to Australia’s Health 2020, this is the leading cause of death for males

Coronary Heart Disease

100
Includes family, peers, media, religion and culture.
What is "socio-cultural determinants" of health?
100

71.9 years versus 81.1 years for males AND 

75.6 years versus 85.1 years for females.

What is life expectancy of Indigenous males and females versus non indigenous males and females.

100

48% of all hospitalisations were due to this.

What is CVD?

100

What is an effect of a growing and ageing population?

increased demand for health services

200

While most of the major causes of death for women have decrease steadily over the past 20 years, this cause of death has shown an increase.

What is lung cancer?

200
Is a value that favours the reduction or elimination of inequity, the promotion of inclusiveness of diversity, and the establishment of environments that are supportive of all people.
What is "social justice"?
200

Lower educational attainment of Indigenous Australians is 30% less for Year 12 retention rates. This is an example of what kind of determinant.

What is “socio-economic” determinant?

200
This occurs when there is a hardening of the arteries, whereby the walls lose their elasticity.
What is "arteriosclerosis"?
200

Diseases such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease and respiratory disease

Increased population living with chronic disease and disability

300

The total number of cases of a given disease in a given population at a specific point in time is…

What is "prevalence”?

300

When identifying priority health issues for improving Australia's health, they look at 5 things. They are...

1. social justice principles  2. cost to the individual and community.  3. priority population groups 4. prevalence of condition 5. potential for prevention and early intervention

300

In 2017, of those people 15 years or older, 28.9% of people from lower SES did this compared to 11.1% of those of higher SES.

smoked
300
Major risk factors include: obesity, a high fat diet, and early onset OR late onset of menopause.
What is "breast cancer"?
300

difference between a carer and volunteer

A carer is someone who looks after an older person or someone with a disability.

A volunteer is a person who freely performs a service, such as supporting the health needs of the elderly

400
In 2001 it was 5.3 per 1000 but in 2011 it was 3.8 per 1000. This is positive indicator of improved general health and well being of a population.
What is a decline in Australia's "Infant Mortality" rate?
400

This priority population group have a higher incidence of disease risk factors such as: high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, smoking and lower use of preventative health services.

What is "socioeconomically disadvantaged"?

400

Name 3 of the 6 major risk factors for CVD that can be reduced by lifestyle changes include...

What is: smoking, raised blood fat levels (cholesterol), high blood pressure, obesity, abdominal obesity, and physical inactivity

400

Males, tobacco smokers, ATSI people, Low SES, Rural/Remote people are all “what” regarding CVD

Those “most at risk of developing” CVD?”

400

In 2024 it was estimated that 433,300 Australians were living with:

dementia

500

1 in 7 Australians have 5 or more risk factors for poor health. The two most common risk factors for poor health in Australia are...

What is "insufficient exercise" and "inadequate consumption of eating fruit and vegetables".

500
This is priority issue has only begun to be realised and it is estimated that 45% of Australians will be affected by it at some point in their lives.
What is "mental health problems"?
500
These people experience similar levels of diabetes, stroke, CVD and depression. However they are more likely to suffer acute or chronic injury and show high levels of stress among males.
Who are rural and Remote Australians?
500

A tumour that has spread, or has the ability to spread uncontrollably throughout the body termed...

 “malignant”

500
Name 3 Benefits to the nation if older Australians are healthy? 

less pressure on health system

increased ability to keep working and contributing to the economy

maintain social participation

reduce illness and illness periods

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