Multidimensional peacekeeping and Somalia
what distinguished UNOSOM II from UNITAF in somalia?
what are two major categories of contemporary peacekeeping challenges?
demand-side issues (force generation)
operational scope (protection, policing)
5 core recommendations of brahimi report
1. military component of a Peace Op should be robust enough to protect civilians
2. UNSC should consult with countries on contribution
3. UNSC should not authorize until it has means to complete a mission
4. management of peace ops should improve coordination
5. increase involvement of women in PKOs
MSS haiti and UNISFA basics
MSS haiti was a multinational security support mission, non-UN mission
UNISFA was a conflict resolving mission for Abyei
MSS Mission.
multinational security support mission, aimed to improve state capacity and security
why did UNOSOM II face operational challenges?
lack of support, fragmented command structures, conflicting national agendas
force is now used for proactive civilian protection and stabliization but risks impartiality.
How has UN tried to improve force generation? (and what is it)
generation of resources and forces/troops
ATMIS and UNMISS basics
ATMIS (African Union Transition Mission in Somalia) is a regional peace support operation to assist Somalia’s security forces in stabilizing the country
UNMISS (United Nations Mission in South Sudan), mandated to protect civilians, support the peace process, and assist in building durable institutions in South Sudan.
target groups for DD (more than 1)
UNITAF political and operational problems
disarmament
define regionalization and is it both a strength and a weakness?
increasing role of regional organizations in planning, deploying and managing peace ops.
brings local knowledge and rapid deployment but may lack neutrality and resources
Important of HIPPO on Peace Ops.
4 shifts
1. Politics. Lasting peace is obtained through political solutions
2. Responsive Ops. UN missions should be tailored to context
3.Partnerships. More resilient global architecture for intl. peace
4. Field-focused and people centered.
MNJTF and UNIFIL basics
MNJTF (multinational joint task force) aimed at combating boko haram
UNIFIL (UN interim force in lebanon) mandated to monitor cessation of hositilties between labanon and israel
the 3 focal points for DDR campaigns in DRC
make army smaller, reintegrate nationals in militias, deal with foreign militias.
missions must align strategies with local legitimacy and avoid reliance on military solutions in fragile political contexts
how has WPS (women, peace, and security) agenda shaped PK reform?
promoted gender-sensitive missions and sought to reduce sexual abuse and increase female participation
UNMK and KFOR basics
UNMIK (UN mission in Kosova) responsible for overseeing kosovo's interim administration, and supproting peace
KFOR(KOSOVO force) is nato-led peacekeeping force deployed since 1999 to ensure freedom of movement in kosovo
provide a basic support mission structure
2. military, police, civilian component
3. MSS logistics
4. peacebuilding, reform efforts, regionalization
5. exit strategy.
PBC
peace building commission, an international advisory gov group that supports peace efforts in countries emerging from conflict
operational challenges in protecting civilians
ambiguous mandates, limited resources, political constraints hinder good protection
name of the UN report in 2000 and it's significance
The Brahimi Report. first in a long sequence of reform efforts to improve UN peacekeeping. criticized with brutal honestly and made core recommendations
MINUSCA basics
the 4 baskets of peacebuilding
security, justice & Reconcil., governance & political participation, economic & social well being