Endocrine Essentials
This gland produces T3 and T4 and helps regulate metabolism, growth, heat production, and energy use.
What is the thyroid gland?
Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss, and fatigue should make the nurse suspect this disorder.
What is type 1 diabetes?
Greasy, yellow, flaky scales on an infant's scalp are characteristic of this condition.
What is seborrheic dermatitis (cradle cap)?
This highly contagious bacterial infection produces characteristic honey-colored crusted lesions.
What is impetigo?
A child weighs 44 lb. What is the child's weight in kilograms?
What is 20 kg ?
A child with growth hormone deficiency would most likely demonstrate this growth pattern.
What is slow growth/linear pattern?
A child with diabetes becomes shaky, sweaty, pale, and irritable. The nurse should suspect this complication.
What is hypoglycemia?
A child has dry skin, intense itching, and recurrent red patches that worsen during the dry winter months.
What is atopic dermatitis/eczema?
A parent is caring for an infant with atopic dermatitis. Which action should the nurse recommend?
A. Bathe the infant in hot water daily
B. Apply moisturizer immediately after bathing
C. Keep the infant's skin uncovered as much as possible
D. Use scented lotion to decrease dryness
What is B?
The provider orders hydrocortisone 50 mg IV. The medication is available as 100 mg/2 mL.
How many mL will the nurse administer?
What is 1 ml?
Breast development before this age is considered precocious puberty in girls.
What is 8 years old?
A child with Type 1 diabetes has abdominal pain, vomiting, fruity breath, and deep rapid respirations.
What is DKA?
A child develops redness, itching, vesicles, and weeping skin after exposure to poison ivy.
What is allergic contact dermatitis?
A child is admitted following an electrical burn. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to prioritize?
What is cardiac assessment?
A child with an infection weighs 22 kg. The provider orders an antibiotic 10 mg/kg/dose.
How many mg should the nurse administer per dose?
What is 220 mg?
A newborn with untreated congenital hypothyroidism is at greatest risk for problems involving this area of development.
What is neurologic/cognitive development?
Which finding in a child with Type 1 diabetes requires the most immediate intervention?
A. Blood glucose of 210 mg/dL
B. Increased thirst and urination
C. Fruity breath and deep rapid respirations
D. Increased appetite with weight loss
What is C?
A 5-year-old has small red papules and severe itching that becomes worse at night. The nurse also observes thin burrow tracks between the child's fingers. Which treatment should the nurse anticipate?
What is permethrin 5%
A teenager taking isotretinoin requires regular liver function and lipid monitoring, but prevention of this complication is the most critical teaching point.
Answer: What is pregnancy/severe fetal birth defects?
A child with Type 1 diabetes has an insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio of 1 unit for every 12 g of carbohydrate. The child plans to eat 60 g of carbohydrate.
How many units of insulin are needed to cover the meal?
A child with adrenal insufficiency has been vomiting for several hours and is now weak and hypotensive. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate?
What is IV hydrocortisone?
A child is admitted with DKA. Although the glucose level is very high, the nurse knows the child's total body stores of this electrolyte are usually depleted.
What is potassium?
Which parent statement about head lice indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I'll wash the bedding and clothing in hot water."
B. "I'll soak the combs in hot water."
C. "I'll repeat the permethrin treatment in 7–10 days."
D. "The lice can jump from my child's head to another child."
D. "The lice can jump from my child's head to another child."
The nurse is teaching a family how to administer permethrin for scabies. Which instruction is correct?
A. Apply only to visible lesions
B. Apply from the neck down and leave on for 8–14 hours
C. Wash it off after 10 minutes
D. Only treat family members who are itching
B. Apply from the neck down and leave on for 8–14 hours.
A child with Type 1 diabetes is preparing for lunch.
How many total units of rapid-acting insulin should the child receive?
Meal coverage: 72 ÷ 12 = 6 units
Correction: (230 − 110) ÷ 40 = 3 units
Answer: 9 units