CV
A 3-month-old infant is diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot. What clinical manifestation is characteristic of this condition?
What is cyanosis during episodes of crying/feeding?
What is hypercyanotic or Tet spells?
A 10-year-old child is scheduled for a tonsillectomy. What postoperative complication should the nurse closely monitor for in the immediate postoperative period?
a) Hemorrhage
b) Urinary incontinence
c) Elevated blood glucose
d) Respiratory distress
Answer: what is a) Hemorrhage
Rationale: Hemorrhage is a potential postoperative complication after a tonsillectomy, and the nurse should closely monitor for signs such as frequent swallowing or vomiting of bright red blood.
A 6-year-old child is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of celiac disease. The nurse is educating the parents on dietary management. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend avoiding due to their gluten content?
a) Rice
b) Oats
c) Quinoa
d) Wheat
Answer: d) Wheat
Rationale: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by an intolerance to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Therefore, the nurse should advise the parents to avoid foods containing wheat to prevent exacerbation of symptoms and promote the child's health. Rice, oats (certified gluten-free), and quinoa are generally considered safe for individuals with celiac disease.
A child is receiving chemotherapy. What dietary recommendations should the nurse provide to the parents?
A. "Limit iron-rich foods to prevent toxicity."
B. "Encourage a diet rich in red meat, green leafy vegetables, and fortified cereals."
C. "Avoid foods high in vitamin B12 to prevent interference with chemotherapy."
D. "Include caffeine-containing beverages to improve iron absorption."
B. "Encourage a diet rich in red meat, green leafy vegetables, and fortified cereals."
risk for anemia
A 7-year-old child is diagnosed with impetigo. What nursing intervention is essential for preventing the spread of the infection?
a) Administering oral antibiotics
b) Applying warm compresses to the lesions
c) Allowing the child to share personal items with classmates
d) Instructing the child to wash hands frequently
Answer: what is d) Instructing the child to wash hands frequently
Rationale: Frequent handwashing is crucial for preventing the spread of impetigo, a highly contagious skin infection.
A 10-year-old child with a history of Kawasaki disease has the goal of reducing the risk for coronary artery aneurysm. What primary treatment should the child receive?
What is intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy?
A 9-month-old infant with a suspected foreign body aspiration presents with sudden coughing, wheezing, and respiratory distress. What is the priority nursing intervention?
What is initiating the Heimlich maneuver or back blows to clear the airway?
An 8-year-old child is admitted with suspected appendicitis. What two clinical manifestations are often associated with appendicitis?
What is right lower quadrant abdominal pain and rebound tenderness?
A nurse is caring for a child with acute glomerulonephritis. What type of diet is appropriate for this child?
What is low sodium?
What should the nurse educate the child and parents about regarding the use of the inhaler?
a) Inhale quickly to ensure proper medication delivery
b) Use the inhaler only during an asthma attack
c) Rinse the mouth with water after each use to prevent thrush
d) Administer the inhaler without a spacer for better efficacy
Answer: what is c) Rinse the mouth with water after each use to prevent thrush
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth after using an inhaler helps prevent the development of oral thrush, a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.
A 5-year-old child is diagnosed with coarctation of the aorta. What clinical manifestation is the nurse likely to observe?
What is a significant difference in blood pressure between the upper and lower extremities?
The healthcare team suspects pyloric stenosis in a 2-month old infant who just arrived to the unit. What assessment finding is characteristic of pyloric stenosis?
What is projectile vomiting?
A 6-month-old infant is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). What are two nursing interventions essential for managing GERD in an infant?
What is feeding the infant smaller, more frequent meals and keeping the infant upright after feeds?
A nurse is caring for an infant with cryptorchidism. What intervention is often recommended for this condition?
What is Planning for surgical correction?
A teenager with osteogenesis imperfecta is at risk for fractures due to fragile bones. What safety measures should the nurse recommend?
A. Encourage weight-bearing activities to strengthen bones.
B. Advise against the use of assistive devices to promote independence.
C. Teach proper body mechanics and safe handling techniques.
D. Discourage regular follow-up appointments with the orthopedic specialist.
C. Teach proper body mechanics and safe handling techniques.
A 2-month-old infant is diagnosed with congestive heart failure (CHF). What medication class is commonly prescribed to manage CHF in pediatric patients?
What are diuretics?
A 6-month-old infant is diagnosed with bronchiolitis. What is the most common causative agent for bronchiolitis in infants?
What is respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?
A 3-year-old child is diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
What is Administering oral rehydration solution?
The 8-year-old child is receiving chemotherapy for leukemia. The nurse notes that the child's platelet count is low. What precaution should the nurse prioritize for this child?
a) Airborne precautions
b) Contact precautions
c) Droplet precautions
d) Neutropenic precautions
Answer: what is d) Neutropenic precautions
Rationale: Children with low platelet counts are at risk for bleeding, and neutropenic precautions focus on preventing infections, which is crucial for children undergoing chemotherapy.
A school-age child is admitted with a head injury following a bicycle accident. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
A. Administer analgesics and encourage rest.
B. Assess for signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP).
C. Encourage the child to engage in vigorous physical activities.
D. Apply a heating pad to the head to relieve pain.
What is . Assess for signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
A 12-year-old child is scheduled for cardiac catheterization. What is a crucial pre-procedure assessment for the nurse to perform?
What is assessing for allergies to iodine or shellfish?
A 6-month-old infant with a history of heart failure is prescribed digoxin. The nurse should monitor for signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity. What is a common early sign of digoxin toxicity in infants?
What is vomiting?
A 7-year-old child is diagnosed with acute appendicitis. What is the nurse's priority action?
A. Administering laxatives
B. Administering oral antibiotics
C. Preparing for surgery
D. Encouraging ambulation
What is C. Preparing for surgery?
A child is undergoing radiation therapy. Which is true regarding adverse affects of this treatment?
A. Long-term complications are related to the part of the body that received the treatment.
B. Radiation treatment targets the cancerous cells, sparing the other cells.
C. Though treatment does not make hearing worse, it cannot undo a child's hearing loss either.
D. Radiation treatment is intensified when the client uses other sources of low radiation, like phones and ipads.
What is A. Long-term complications are related to the part of the body that received the treatment.
A child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is admitted with RSV. What is a priority nursing intervention?
A. Encourage active play to improve joint mobility.
B. Administer high-dose corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.
C. Apply cold packs to affected joints.
D. Provide warm compresses to relieve joint pain.
What is A. Encourage active play to improve joint mobility?