Anatomy
Physiology
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Pharmacology
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100
What is the narrowest area of the airway in children?
What is the subglottic area.
100
Which component of the autonomic nervous system predominates at birth?
What is the parasympathetic nervous system.
100
The decrease in hemoglobin during the first 3 months of life is due to a decrease in...
What is erythropoietin.
100
Why is the degree of protein binding less in infants than in older children and adults?
What is the lower concentrations of total protein and albumin.
100
At what age is the MAC of isoflurane the greatest?
What is 1 to 6 months of age.
200
At the level of which cervical vertebra is the larynx of a full-term newborn located?
What is at the level of C3-C4.
200
What is the main determinant of cardiac output in infants?
What is the heart rate.
200
Water represents what percentage of body weight in newborns?
What is 75 - 80%.
200
Why is the volume of distribution of water-soluble medications greater in infants than in older children?
What is the increased body water and increased extracellular compartment.
200
At what age is the MAC of sevoflurane the greatest?
What is full-term neonates.
300
Why are patients with Pierre Robin Syndrome at risk for difficult intubation?
What is micrognathia.
300
Why do infants have greater body heat loss than adults?
What is the larger body surface area in relation to body mass.
300
What is the largest water compartment at birth?
What is the extracellular compartment
300
Why medications have a longer duration of action in infants than in older children?
What is decreased metabolism and excretion by the liver and kidneys.
300
What is the dose of succinylcoline for a rapid sequence induction in a 1 month old who weights 4 Kg?
What is 8 mg?
400
In the newborn, what is the largest (largest circumference) part of the body?
What is the head.
400
In infant, which respiratory muscle is almost entirely responsible for inspiration?
What is the diaphragm.
400
Why is the ability of the liver to metabolize and conjugate drugs decreased in newborns?
What is decreased enzymes activity and decreased liver blood flow.
400
Why do infants achieve neuromuscular blockade at lower serum concentrations than older adults?
What is the decreased muscle mass.
400
What is the dose of propofol to induce anesthesia in healthy, unpremedicated children?
What is 2.5 - 3 mg/Kg
500
What is the blood volume of a 4 Kg full-term newborn?
What is 320 to 360 ml.
500
At what age does glomerular filtration rate reach adult value?
What is 1.5 to 2 year-of age.
500
What is the main source of thermoregulatory heat production in infants?
What is nonshivering thermogenesis or brown fat metabolism.
500
Why are infants more sensitive to sedatives, hypnotics and narcotics?
What is the increased brain permeability (immature blood-brain barrier).
500
Why do younger children require larger doses of succinylcholine to achieve neuromuscular blockade?
What is the increased volume of distribution.
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