Burn Basics
This burn depth destroys epidermis, dermis, and may damage subcutaneous tissue; skin looks leathery and may be painless because nerve endings are destroyed.
What is a third-degree/full-thickness burn?
Infant skin differences that increase infection risk and topical absorption. Name two.
What are thinner epidermis and more alkaline skin?
Name two clinical signs that suggest inhalation injury after facial or near-face burns.
What are singed nasal hairs and stridor?
he doctor orders morphine IV 0.1–0.2 mg/kg every 3–4 hours, max 15 mg. Calculate the safe dose range for a 13.2 kg child.
what is 1.32 mg to 2.64 mg per dose?
Topical antimicrobial commonly used for second- or third-degree burns
What is silver sulfadiazine?
The quick estimation method where the patient’s palm equals about 1% of TBSA.
What is the rule of palm?
At what age do sweat glands become more mature for heat regulation
What is about age 3?
Given the case labs: WBC 15 ×10⁹/L, K+ 5.5 mmol/L, pH 7.32, HCO3- 20 mmol/L — give one likely clinical interpretation.
What is mild leukocytosis from stress/inflammation or early infection, plus mild metabolic acidosis with elevated potassium?
Explain two assessment considerations before giving IV morphine to this child with burns.
What are baseline respiratory rate/oxygenation and pain score, plus allergies/opioid exposure/airway concerns?
Name one dressing mentioned in notes that provides sustained antimicrobial activity and pain relief.
What is Aquacel Ag?
For children, the skin is thinner and BSA is proportionally larger. Give two clinical implications for burns in children.
What are deeper burns with lower heat exposure and greater fluid, heat, and electrolyte loss?
Why should topical medication dosing be handled carefully in children?
What is because children’s skin is thinner and absorbs more medication, increasing risk of systemic toxicity?
n burn resuscitation, urine output is monitored hourly to assess perfusion. What is a typical urine output goal for a pediatric burn patient?
What is about 1 mL/kg/hr?
Ringer’s lactate was ordered for fluid resuscitation. Explain one physiologic reason it is chosen over normal saline.
What is because Ringer’s lactate is closer to extracellular fluid and contains a lactate buffer, while normal saline can worsen hyperchloremic acidosis?
List three major complications to monitor for in a child with major burns.
What are infection/sepsis, fluid/electrolyte imbalance or shock, and contractures/scarring?