Development
Piaget defines this developmental stage as a period of magical thinking, imaginary playmates, and a fascination with superheroes/fantasy.
What is the pre-operational stage?
*Preschool age 3-5 years
Patient's full name, dob, and medical record number.
What are approved patient identifiers?
An interval scale containing five categories of behavior, facial expression, leg movement, activity, cry and consolability. Each behavior is rated on a scale of 0-10. It is used from 2 months to 7 years of age.
What is the FLACC pain assessment tool?
The appropriate hand hygiene method required for a nurse caring for a patient with Clostridium difficile.
What is hand washing with soap and water for 20 seconds?
*Alcohol based hand sanitizer is not effective.
Identify the pathophysiology exhibited in an asthma exacerbation.
What are bronchoconstriction, airway edema, increased mucous production?
These anatomical differences permit travel through the birth canal and allow the brain and skull to continue to grow throughout the first year of life.
What are the fontanels?
*Posterior closes 2-3 months
*Anterior closes 12-18 months
The provider orders acetaminophen 12 mg/kg po for a febrile 9 month old infant (weighing 8.4 kg). The Omnicell has acetaminophen 160mg/5ml oral suspension. Calculate the dose the nurse will administer in mg and in ml.
What is 100.8 mg and 3.15 ml?
8.4 kg x 12 mg/kg= 100.8 mg
100.8 mg/x = 160 mg/5 ml = 3.15 ml
In infants and young children, this is auscultated, with your stethoscope, at the fourth intercostal space, left midclavicular line.
What is an apical pulse?
*This is where the heart's mitral valve is heard best
The type of isolation for a child diagnosed with bacterial meningitis.
What is droplet isolation?
*Gown, gloves, mask, and dedicated equipment
Name three signs and symptoms associated with acute appendicitis.
What are RLQ pain, rebound tenderness, nausea, anorexia, and elevated WBC's?
Name two anatomical/physical characteristics specific to toddlers.
What are...
Protuberant abdomen, lumbar lordosis, large head in proportion to body, chest wall thin and pliable, shorter neck and trachea, large tongue relative to oropharynx
The most appropriate site for administering an intramuscular injection to an infant.
What is the Vastus Lateralis?
This pain scale utilizes body language to assist the nurse in assessing if an infant is in pain. Most of the time, a score greater than 3 tells the nurse an infant is experiencing pain or discomfort.
What is the NIPS pain assessment scale?
The Hib (Haemophilus Influenzae Type B) vaccine protects most children from this severe respiratory condition.
What is epiglottitis?
This is a congenital cardiac condition commonly identified in the neonate presenting with the symptoms of tachypnea, poor feeding, turbulent heart murmur, and insufficient weight gain.
What is a Ventricular Septal Defect?
Successful attainment of which of Erickson's developmental stages is characterized by increased competence and mastery of new skills, school accomplishments, and successes that contribute to a positive self esteem.
What is Industry vs. Inferiority?
*School age 6-10 years
A child weighs 20 lb. The provider prescribes cefazolin 30 mg/kg in 2 divided doses per day. Available is cefazolin oral suspension 125mg/5 ml. Calculate how many ml per dose.
What is 5.5 mL?
9.09 kg
30 mg x 9.09kg = 272 mg/2= 136 mg
136 mg/x ml = 125 mg/5 ml = 5.5 ml
Rapid visual and auditory assessment of a pediatric patient's (1) General appearance, (2) Work of breathing, and (3) Circulation.
What is the Pediatric Assessment Triangle?
A pharmacologic agent that is used to treat allergic and inflammatory conditions or to suppress immune system actions.
What is a corticosteroid?
When providing discharge teaching to your 8 year-old diagnosed with Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia (ITP). This pharmaceutical drug class is contraindicated.
What are non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)?
Two nursing interventions for a child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder are _____.
What are...
Allow repetitive movement that doesn't hinder care.
Use direct, clear statements to improve information processing.
Assess one or two body systems at a time to evaluate sensory tolerance.
Calculate 1-1/2 times maintenance IV fluids D5NS hourly rate for a 24 kg post appendectomy child.
What is 98.75 ml/hr?
1000+500+80=1580 ml/ 24 hours (maintenance)
1580+790=2370 ml/ 24 hours = 98.75 ml
Trachea is smaller in diameter and shorter in length, larger tongues, smaller oropharynx, larynx is positioned more anterior.
What anatomical differences in the pediatric patient make airway management more challenging?
Dexamethasone (Corticosteroid) is ordered for a 12 kg child with refractory croup. The recommended dose is 0.6mg/kg. The available solution is 10mg/ml. Calculate the dose in mg and in ml.
What is 7.2 mg and 0.72 ml?
0.6 mg x 12 kg = 7.2 mg
7.2 mg/x = 10 mg/1 ml = 0.72 ml
The hallmark assessment findings of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) are______, _______, and ______.
What are hyperglycemia, ketonemia, and metabolic acidosis?