Structural Anomalies of the GI Tract
Most common congenital craniofacial anomaly (1 in 700 births)
Cleft Lip/ Palate
This may be on your differential if a child came in with projectile, nonbilious vomiting after feeding.
What is hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
What is Hirschsprung disease.
(Congenital aganglionic megacolon)
Name 3 signs of dehydration.
Dry mucosa, poor skin turgor, sunken eyes.
You would be restricting this in my diet if I had Celiac Disease.
What is avoid all gluten sources: wheat, rye, barley and possible oats.
What is the priority nursing intervention when caring for a child with a cleft lip/palate?
To monitor for appropriate weight gain.
What is it called when the bowel telescopes into a distal segment?
What is Intussusception.
This is an immunologic disorder where gluten damages the small intestinal villi, leading to malabsorption and malnutrition.
What is Celiac Disease.
What vital sign will be elevated with early compensation with dehydration?
What is heart rate?
If I had sudden pain relief with appendicitis, you would be suspicious for this.
Possible rupture.
What kind of bowel sounds would you expect with a child with Meckel Diverticulum?
Hypoactive bowel sounds
Name 3 findings you would expect with a child with intussusception.
Currant jelly stools, lethargy, palpable sausage shaped mass in upper mid abdomen, vomiting, sudden abdominal pain.
This disorder may result from rectal distension, impaired gastric relaxation, or heightened visceral sensitivity.
What is functional abdominal pain disorder
If the treatment of ORS fails, what medication could we consider administering for a vomiting child?
What is ondansetron.
If I was arching during feeds (Sandifer Syndrome) you may consider I have this.
Gastroesophageal reflux
Name 3 complications of Meckel Diverticulum.
GI Bleeding, Anemia and Intestinal Obstruction.
McBurney's point.
What is the key sign of Hirschsprung disease?
What is failure to pass meconium within 24-48 hours after birth.
What kind of IV solution bolus would you expect to be ordered for severe dehydration?
What is Isotonic solution.
What class of drugs would you consider to treat GERD?
PPI's, H2 blockers
What education do you give parents regarding management of an umbilical hernia?
Teach parents how to reduce the hernia and to seek care immediately if irreducible.
What treatment would we consider for a child with intussusception, that is successful in 90% of cases?
Air enema.
What is it called when there is growth failure in infants or children secondary to malnutrition? It can result from organic or inorganic causes.
What is failure to thrive.
What is a complication of untreated dehydration?
What is hypovolemic shock.
If I had constipation, what kind of diet would you recommend?
Increased fiber and fluids.