Blood Basics
Carries oxygen to tissues
RBC
Most common anemia in toddlers
Iron deficiency anemia
Low platelets cuasing bruising in kids after a virus
ITP
Most common childhood cancer
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
Avoid crowds due to low neutrophils
Neutropenic precautions
Cells responsible for fighting infection
WBCs
Sickle cell crisis is caused by
Vaso-occlusion
Factor VIII deficiency
Hemophilia A
Tumors you should not palpage
Wilms tumor
Used to treat severe anemia
Blood transfusion
Platelets are responsible for this function
Clotting
Bone marrow failure causing pancytopenia
Aplastic anemia
von Willebrand factor
Most common extracranial solid tumor in children
Neuroblastoma
Medication that increases fetal Hgb in sickle cell
Hydroxyurea
Hormone that stimulates RBC production
Erythropoietin
Triggers for sickle cell crisis
Infection, dehydration, cold, stress, hypoxia
Life-threatening complication of ITP
Intracranial hemorrage
Bone cancer common in adolescents during growth spurts
Osteosarcoma
Avoid rectal temps in these patients due to risk of infecton
Immunocompromised/neutropenic patients
Fetal hemoglobin is replaced by this type after infancy
Hgb A
Genetic disorder that causes defective Hgb production, leading to rigid RBCs, chronic anemia, and bone deformities
Thalassemia
X-linked disorder mostly affecting males
Hemophilia
Tumor arising from neural crest cells near adrenal gland
Priority treatment during vaso-occlusive crisis
Fluids, oxygen, pain management