Its in my Genes
I have sickle cell anemia because both my parents are a carrier.
Autosomal Recessive Gene
At this stage of development, usually around age 4, children begin to form friendships based on shared interests, moving beyond parallel play to more interactive play.
preschool age
This sleeping position is strongly associated with an increased risk of SIDS in infants.
Prone
This common congenital heart defect involves a hole between the left and right atria, allowing blood to flow from the left atrium to the right atrium
Atrial Septal defect - ASD
Compared to adults, pediatric patients have this difference in airways, making early detection of airway compromise essential.
smaller, weaker airways
This test, which measures the amount of chloride in sweat, is commonly used to diagnose cystic fibrosis
Sweat Chloride test
During adolescence, strong peer relationships become increasingly important, and being ill can lead to feelings of this, as teens may feel disconnected from their friends.
Social isolation
This type of injury, particularly when found on areas like the face, back, or buttocks, can be a red flag for physical abuse, especially if explanations are inconsistent.
Bruises
Patients with a significant left-to-right shunt often experience this condition, characterized by an increased volume of blood in the lungs leading to difficulty breathing.
Pulmonary congestion
This type of medication, often delivered via inhaler, is used for quick relief during asthma attacks by relaxing the airway muscles.
Bronchodilator- albuterol
This enzyme supplement helps cystic fibrosis patients digest fats, proteins, and carbohydrates by replacing enzymes their pancreas cannot produce.
Pancrelipase
What would be the best response to a mother who tells the nurse that the only way she can get her 2-year-old to take medicine is to call it candy?
1. Tell her that is fine as long as the child takes all of the medicine.
2. Discuss the importance of not calling medicine candy to prevent accidental drug ingestion.
3. Discuss with the mother that the child does not have to take the medicine if she does not want it.
4. Tell the mother her child will have to go to “time-out” if she does not take her medicine.
What is 2?
Medications should never be called candy to prevent the accidental ingestion of medication by children who think it is candy.
Nurses are legally required to report suspected abuse under this term, which obligates them to notify authorities if they believe a child is being harmed.
mandatory reporting
This surgical procedure is often performed to close a significant atrial septal defect, preventing the shunting of blood from the left atrium to the right atrium.
ASD closure or patch
This monoclonal antibody is given as an injection to high-risk infants to help prevent severe RSV infections.
Palivizumab
This type of medication is commonly prescribed to help manage pain during a vaso-occlusive crisis in children with sickle cell disease
Opioids
Which would be the best response to a 10-year-old who asks if she can take acetaminophen daily if she gets aches and pains?
1. Tell her it is better not to take medication if she gets aches and pains; she should check with her mother before taking any medication.
2. Teach her that nonprescription drugs like acetaminophen can be a poisoning hazard if too many are taken; it is best for her to check with her mother.
3. Encourage her to keep a log of when she takes acetaminophen to try to establish what is causing her aches and pains.
4. Sometimes it is okay to take acetaminophen daily, but it depends on why she has aches and pains.
What is 4?
If she needs pain medication daily, a
cause needs to be determined.
This physical examination technique, often used to assess hydration status in children, involves pinching the skin to see how quickly it returns to its normal position
Skin Turgor
This common medication used to treat heart failure in children helps improve heart function by increasing the strength of heart contractions.
Digoxin
Severe RSV infections can lead to difficulty breathing, poor feeding, and this dangerous drop in oxygen levels.
hypoxemia
Expected nursing assessments of a newborn with suspected cystic fibrosis would include:
1. Observe frequency and nature of stools.
2. Provide chest physical therapy.
3. Observe for weight gain.
4. Assess parent’s compliance with fluid restrictions.
What is 1?
Cystic fibrosis is inherited as an autosomal-recessive trait, causing exocrine gland dysfunction. About 7% to 10% of newborns with cystic fibrosis present with meconium ileus, so assessing stool frequency and consistency is important.
Monitoring this aspect of sick children helps assess their overall health, tailor interventions, and support emotional well-being, ultimately improving long-term outcomes.
growth and development
Children with this condition may experience delays in reaching motor milestones, highlighting the importance of tailored interventions to promote mobility and independence.
Cerebral palsy
Why would an Infants with CHF not finish their feedings.
fatigue
A school-age child is admitted to the hospital for a tonsillectomy. During the nurse’s post-operative assessment, the child’s parent tells the nurse that the child is in pain. Which of the following observations would be of most concern to the nurse?
1. The child’s heart rate and blood pressure are elevated.
2. The child complains of having a sore throat.
3. The child is refusing to eat solid foods.
4. The child is swallowing excessively.
What is 4?
Excessive swallowing is a sign that the child is swallowing blood. This should be considered a medical emergency, and the physician should be contacted immediately. The child is likely bleeding and will need to return to surgery.