Antibiotic/Cancer
Cardiac/Hematology
Neurological
Analgesia/Skin
GI/GU
Nursing Care/Interventions
Pediatric Considerations
Dosage Calculations
100
Classes of antibiotics prescribed for infections such as otitis media in children
PCN, Cephalosporins
100
Always check an apical pulse for this class of medications
Antihypertensive
100
Treatment of choice for prolong seizure management
diazepam (Valium)
100
Time frame to reassess temperature after antipyretic
30-60 minutes
100
Gastric motility
Decreased
100
Often an antibiotic this should be room temperature and administered by properly positioning and pulling pinna back (up or down) according to age
Otic medications
100
Methods for calculating pediatric dosages
Weight (kg) or body surface area (BSA)
100
2.2 lbs = ?
One kilogram
200
Side effect demonstrating ototoxicity potentially resulting hearing loss
tinnitis
200
Heart Failure medications used in pediatrics
diuretics, beta-blockers, digoxin
200
Main used of dexamethasone (corticosteroid) for traumatic brain injury
Reduce inflammation and cerebral edema to lower ICP
200
Medication for pruritus that frequently comes in ointment or cream form
Hydrocortisone, Diphenhydramine
200
Two enzymes related to liver and are decreased in comparison to adults
Amylase & Lipase
200
Viscosity, type of medication, muscle mass, number of medications all influence this route of administration
Intramuscular (IM)
200
This is defined as therapeutic care minimizing psychological & physical distress for children/families
Atraumatic care
200
85 lb= ? kg
(Round to 2 decimal places)
38.63
300
Class of antibiotics frequently prescribed for infections such as otitis media in children with potential cross sensitivity if allergic penicillin
Cephalosporins-ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
300
Hemmorhagic shock from DIC medication used in treatment
vasopressin, desmopressin
300
Mannitol is an ____________
osmotic diuretic
(move fluid from brain tissue to vascular space to reduce ICP)
300
True/False
Kids do not feel pain like adults
False
300
antiemetic promethazine (Phenergan)- common side effect
sedation
300
When giving an aminoglycoside, such as gentamycin, these interventions must be performed by the nurse especially for children
Assess blood levels to prevent toxicity
Assess for S/S of toxicity- hearing problems (tinnitus), kidney function (immature)
300
Special considerations are noted for pediatric clients due to the _______________ of their system structures & processes.
Immaturity
300
25 kg= ? lb
55
400
Treatment for Rock Mountain Spotted fever
Doxycycline
400
Medication to maintain a patent PDA
prostaglandins
400
- Monitor for drug interactions
- Require blood level checks
- Potential long term effects
- Abrupt cessation may precipitate status epileptics
All these are nursing interventions for what class of drugs
Anti-seizure/Anticonvulsant
400
Commonly OTC analgesic medications
acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Motrin)
400
In order to administer oral medications to neonates and infants a nurse must assess for this
Ability to suck and swallow
400
Child with an oral yeast infection (thrush) must receive nystatin mouth rinse. The nurse must advise the child not to do this
Swallow the medication- Child should swish and spit medication out
400
Chemicals can be passed from mother to newborn via this feeding method
Breastfeeding
400
Calculate the dosage in mcg with information provided: (round to 1 decimal place)
2 mcg/kg for a client weighing 80 lb
72.7
500
Common routes for antibiotic therapy
oral/topical-dermal, ear, eye
500
Two medications used to treat Kawasaki's
IV Immunoglobulin and aspirin
500
Barbiturate used to control tonic clonic seizures
phenobarbital
500
This medication is commonly used for childhood infestation of pediculosis capitis & scabies
Pediculocide (Permethrin)
500
You often must do this to oral medications to administer by mouth
Add a sweetner or flavoring to mask any unpleasant taste
500
Amount for SQ injection
0.5 mL
500
Vastus Lateralis
500
Ordered: Medication A 50 mg/kg PO 3 times/day
Weight 25.5 kg.
Available: Medication A 100 mg/mL.
Amount _____mL dose
(Round to 1 decimal place)
12.8
600
Suppression of stem cell production
mylenosuppression
600
This is a vasodilator used to manage hypertension/heart failure in children and is contraindicated in valvular disease
Hydralazine
600
Best route to administer diazepam during a sustained seizure
rectal
600
Increased ______ results in more absorption of medication
BSA (body surface area)
600
Used for managing constipation in children
polyethylene glycol (miralax)
600
Cream used to "numb" area prior to IV insertion
prilocaine (EMLA)
600
This is how IVF maintenance is calculated
Body weight
600
Medication A is ordered for 9-month-old infant who weighing 8.6 kg. The recommended dosage is 25 to 50 mg/kg/day in four equally divided doses.
This is the minimum amount of 1 scheduled dose. (round to 2 decimal places)
53.75
700
Most common side effects for oral antibiotic
abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting
700
Binding agent for iron toxicity
deferoxamine
700
_______________ is a life threatening condition resulting in hypoxia
Status epilepticus
700
Topical analgesia cream for invasive procedures
EMLA cream
700
This is often used to treat neurogenic bladder for children with spina bifida
Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
700
Often these are options used to mix medications in prior to administration
juice, ice cream, apple sauce
700
This is often required for injections, venipuncture, or intravenous procedures
Numbing medication, local anesthetic, lidocaine, emla cream
700
Ordered: 45 mg/kg/day by mouth in 3 divided doses Weight=66 lbs.
Available: 75 ml stock medication labeled 125 mg/ml.
This is _____mL administer per dose.
(Round to 1 decimal place)
3.6
800
Prevent discoloration of teeth with administration of this medication
tetracycline
800
Narcotic used to treat tet spells
Morphine
800
1st choice of antiepileptic drug that causes gingival hyperplasia
phenytoin (Dilantin)
800
Medications called ____________ can result in injury to tissues
vesicants
800
Diuretics often given for children with congenital heart defects in fluid overload
Furosemide (Lasix), spironolactone (Aldactone)
800
When using an inhaler for bronchodilators, this is used to ensure the dose medication is properly delivered to children with asthma
Spacer
800
Measurement equivalents for urine output (diaper) weights
1 g = 1 mL
800
Medication A is ordered for 5 y/o child who weighing 48 lbs. The recommended dosage is 25 to 60 mg/kg/day in four equally divided doses.
This is the potential maximum amount for 1 scheduled dose.
(Round to 2 decimal places)
327.27
900
Common chemotherapeutic agents used in peds
hydroxurea, methotrexate, 6-FU
900
Digoxin toxicity causes what electrolyte toxicity
Hyperkalemia or high potassium
900
antispasmodic that can be administered via an implanted pump into the nervous system
lioresal (Baclofen)
900
Most common side effect of topical medications
Erythema, Redness
900
Given for gas in colicky newborns and infants
simethicone (Mylicon Drops)
900
When giving high alert medications the nurse can do this as a safety measure
Verify with 2nd nurse
Calculate safe dosage (ensure within appropriate range)
Contact provider/pharmacy with questions
900
These affect ABSORPTION of medication in children
PO, IM, SQ, Topical (minimum of 1 from each)
PO: Slower GI emptying, higher pH, faster intestinal motility, lower amylase/lipase secreted
IM: Less muscle mass/Vasomotor instability
SQ:Decreased perfusion/absorption
Topical: More BSA & permeability of skin
900
This is the daily IV fluid maintenance requirement for a child weighing 18 kg in mL
1400
1000
The nurse must provide education on this when a child is receiving antineoplastic medications
Infection control and preventing illness
1000
Antidote for digoxin
Digibind
1000
Reversal for benzodiazepines
flumazenil (Romazicon)
1000
__________ to ________ pain is treated with morphine
Moderate to severe
1000
Antibiotics are often given for this pathogen due to the risk for acute glomerulonephritis
streptococcus bacteria
1000
This tool may be used to find a vein in children prior to IV insertion
Transilluminator (vein finder)
1000
Factors affecting DISTRIBUTION of medications in children
(Must list ALL SIX)
Higher % of H2O (amt H2O relative to the body fat amt)
Rapid extracellular fluid exchange
Decreased body fat
Liver immaturity (altering first-pass elimination)
Decreased plasma proteins/less binding ability
Immature blood–brain barrier (neonates)
1000
This is the rate in mL/hr for IV fluid maintenance requirement for a child weighing 55 lbs
67