Diagnoses and Etiologies
Pathophysiology
Treatments
Clinical Signs and Symptoms
Miscellaneous
100
The most common cause of dyspnea in young childre
What is bronchiolitis?
100
The most common cause of acute epiglottitis
What is H. Influenza type b?
100
Medication whose effects typically last less than 2 hours
What is nebulized racemic epinephrine?
100
Abrupt onset of fever, sore throat, difficulty breathing and drooling
What is acute epiglottitis?
100
Results in shorter length of stay in both the hospital and the emergency department
What are oral steroids?
200
In ancient times, up to the early 20th century, croup referred to this infection
What is diptheria?
200
Narrowing of the tracheal air column seen on anterior neck x-ray
What is the "steeple sign?"
200
0.15 mg/kg is as effective as higher doses
What is oral dexamethasone?
200
Signs of toxicity, poor oral intake, age < 6 months, unreliable caretaker, long distance from a hospital
What are the indications for admission for a child with croup?
200
Manifests as laryngotracheobronchitis or lsyngotracheobronchopneumonitis
What is bacterial croup?
300
Acute laryngeotracheitis
What is the most common form of croup?
300
Inflammation of the supraglottic tissues
What is the characteristic finding of epiglottitis?
300
Evidence suggests that this treatment is as effective as oral dexamethasone in the management of hospitalized croup patients
What is nebulized budesonide?
300
Rapid deterioration after several days of apparent improvement in viral croup
What is bacterial tracheitis?
300
Viruses most commonly associated with viral croup
What are Parainfluenza viruses, RSV, rhinoviruses and enterviruses?
400
Most common cause of viral croup, usually occurs in the late fall and winter
What are the Parainfluenza viruses?
400
The cause of severe viral croup that is more likely to require intubation
What is Influenza A2?
400
Specialized mixture of helium and oxygen used to manage hospitalized patients with severe croup
What is Heliox?
400
Clinical improvement doesn't usually begin until about 6 hours after administration
What are oral steroids?
400
Standardized scoring system used for assessing croup severity
What is the Westley Croup Score?
500
"Croup" derives from this Anglo-Saxon word meaning "to cry aloud."
What is Krupan?
500
Symptoms frequently start abruptly in the middle of the night
What is spasmodic croup?
500
Commonly recommended treatment for viral croup that has never been shown to improve outcomes
What is humidified air?
500
A potentially serious complication of viral croup
What is staph aureus bacterial tracheitis?
500
A syndrome characterized by a barklike cough, hoarseness, inspiratory stridor and respiratory distress
What is Croup?
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