Sepsis is the body's overwhelming response to infection, which can lead to tissue damage, organ failure, amputations, and death.
100
How soon after a diagnosis of sepsis is made should antibiotics be given?
Within one hour. Every hour delay increases mortality by 8%.
100
How many children develop sepsis in the US each year?
42,000
100
What must be done prior to initiating antibiotic therapy?
Blood cultures should be drawn.
100
Who can develop sepsis?
ANYONE!!
200
Which vital sign presents late in children with septic shock?
Low blood pressure. This is an ominous sign and shock is often irreversible by this point.
200
What volume bolus should be given to a patient with sepsis and over what amount of time?
20 ml/kg over 10 minutes!!
200
How many children in the US die from sepsis each year?
4,400, more than from pediatric cancers.
200
True or False I should wait for blood cultures to come back before starting antibiotic therapy.
False A blood culture should be drawn prior to antibiotic therapy, but a broad spectrum antibiotic should be started while waiting for the results.
200
True or False Sepsis is easy to diagnose.
FALSE
300
Name two neurological s/s of sepsis?
Confusion/disorientation and irritability
300
In addition to fluids and antibiotics, what other treatment should be initiated in suspected sepsis cases?
Oxygen therapy, lack of oxygen to the tissues is a major component of sepsis.
300
As many as 80% of sepsis deaths could be prevented with _______________ and ________________.
Rapid diagnosis and treatment
300
True or False WBC will be lower in patients with sepsis
False
300
Which age groups are at a greater risk for developing sepsis?
Those greater than 65 or less than one year of age.
400
Sepsis is often associated with which types of infections?
Respiratory, Urinary tract, skin and gut.
400
What percentage of patients who progress from sepsis to septic shock die?
50%
400
Mortality from sepsis increases 8% for every ______ delay in treatment.
Hour
400
What lactate level indicates severe sepsis?
A lactate >4
400
What are some common germs that cause sepsis?
Staphylococcus aureus, e-coli, streptococcus, some fungi, and rarely viruses.
500
Name the major 6 s/s of sepsis.
1. Shivering/fever (temp high or low)
2. Extreme pain or discomfort
3. Clammy or sweaty skin
4. Shortness of breath
5. Tachycardia
6. Confusion or disorientation
500
What should be administered to patients with hypovolemia not responsive to fluids?
Vasopressors.
500
Sepsis survivors are prone to _________ ____________
post recovery.
Secondary infections.
500
What does a septic workup entail?
UA and culture, blood cultures, CBC, HSV, lumbar puncture and sometimes a VRP, CRP or BMP.
500
Why is sepsis difficult to diagnose?
While the s/s may be easy to recognize, they often go along with other diagnoses as well and can be easily explained away.