Birth to 12 Months
After what age (in months) is it concerning for a baby to have head lag?
4 months.
At what age should a child's speech be 100% understandable by a stranger?
4 years old.
A baby's birth weight is 8 lbs. How much will they weigh when they are 12 months old?
24 lbs.
What type of medication should be prescribed for a patient with epiglottitis?
IV antibiotics (and steroids).
Why must patient with Infectious Mononucleosis avoid contact sports for 4 weeks?
Risk of rupturing spleen while splenomegaly is present.
When does stranger anxiety and separation anxiety begin? (And while you're at it, explain what they are.)
Stranger anxiety: 6 months.
Separation anxiety: 9 months.
At what age range does abstract thinking typically occur?
Adolescent: 12-18 years.
Why would an infant require vitamin D supplementation?
If they are exclusively breastfed.
Name 3 signs of late/impending respiratory failure.
Depressed respirations, bradycardia, lethargy/drowsy, cyanosis, hypotension.
What medication is typically prescribed for a patient with pertussis (whooping cough)?
Place the following in chronological order: pincer grasp develops, radial-palmar grasp develops, transfers object from hand-to-hand, stacks two blocks.
1. Transfers object from hand-to-hand (6 months)
2. Radial-palmar grasp develops (7 months)
3. Pincer grasp develops (9 months)
4. Stacks two blocks (12 months)
Toddlers fall under which stage of Erikson's psychosocial development?
Autonomy vs. shame/doubt.
What 3 measurements are essential to record at every well child visit?
Weight, length (height), head circumference.
Name 4 early signs of respiratory distress/failure.
Tachypnea, tachycardia, irritability, hypertension, nasal flaring, retractions, grunting.
What are the age ranges for the DTaP and Tdap vaccines?
DTaP: 6 weeks - 6 years
Tdap: >7 years
Name 3 conditions that could contribute to gross motor developmental delays.
1. Muscular dystrophy
2. Cerebral palsy
3. Autism spectrum disorder
4. Down's syndrome
5. Neglect or lack of stimulation
What are typically the first signs of puberty in females and males?
Females: breast development
Males: testicular enlargement
What are 2 non pharmacological measures to help decrease pain and stress in infants during procedures?
1. Breastfeeding
2. Pacifiers
3. Sucrose
4. Soft soothing voice
A patient's x-ray shows a "steeple sign" within the trachea. What disease does this patient have and what does the sign represent?
Croup; subglottic tracheal narrowing
Which form of conjunctivitis is characterized by purulent drainage, crusting eyelids, inflamed conjunctiva, and swollen lids?
Bacterial conjunctivitis, "Pink Eye"
State the respective age (in months) for each of the following: cruises while holding furniture, rolls from front to back, commando crawls.
10 months, 4 months, 8 months.
What would you say when performing the following actions on a preschool-aged child? 1.) Taking their blood pressure, 2.) Performing an x-ray
1. "This is going to give your arm a hug."
2. "We are going to take a picture of your chest."
Birth, 1 month, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months.
Name 3 things that may put a child at increased risk of contracting RSV.
Infants < 6 months of age, premature, low birth weight, chronic lung disease (ex. cystic fibrosis), congenital heart disease, Down syndrome.
Name 2 organ systems that may be affected by untreated measles.
Respiratory (pneumonia)
Neurological (encephalitis)
Digestive (diarrhea, dehydration)
+ Ear infections