Intro to Peds/Sociocultural
What is the leading cause of death in children ?
Childhood injuries
(MV, drowning, burns, firearms, poison)
What are Erikson's stages of development?
Birth to 1 year: Trust vs Mistrust
1-3 yr: Autonomy vs shame and doubt
4-7 yr: Initiative vs guilt
7-11 yr: Industry vs Inferiority
12-18 yr: Identity vs Role Confusion
What is a child's "work" or universal language?
PLAY!
What does the acronym CRIES pain scale stand for ?
Crying requires 02, increased vital signs, expression, and sleeplessness
What is the difference between a pustule and a vesicle?
A pustule leaks purulent fluid, a vesicle links clear or serous fluid
How do we use Evidenced Base Practice?
-question why something is effective
-search for evidence
-critically analyze and apply evidence to practice
What type of play involves kids playing next to or similar to one another but not with each other?
Parallel
What's included in the history taking portion of the assessment?
-chief complaint, history of present illness, family history, allergies, immunizations, current meds, nutrition, review of systems
What are non-pharmacologic pain management options for infants?
Swaddling, non nutritive sucking, sucrose, breastfeeding, bottlefeeding, skin to skin care
Why might you call the provider immediately if the child has a fever combined with petechiae and/or a stiff neck?
Possible meningitis!
What is the difference between family systems theory and family stress theory?
Family systems- family is a system, based on interactions between members, family is the "patient"
Family stress- how families adapt and cope with crises both predictable and unpredictable
What is turner's syndrome?
A disorder in women characterized by short stature and a missing X chromosome, due to nondisjunction during cell division
What are factors to keep in mind when examining a child?
When might you give opioids?
For severe pain, cancer pain, sickle cell pain, postoperative pain
What are examples of live vaccines?
MMR, Varicella, Rotavirus
List and describe the different parenting styles
Authoritarian- strict rules, low warmth, parents control child's behavior, no room for questions, "because I said so"
Authoritative- set limits and enforce rules, but explain rules and listen to children
Permissive- exert little control over child's actions
Neglectful-uninvolved
What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous?
Homozygous- is inheriting two of the same
(mom has blue eyes, dad has blue eyes, child has blue eyes)
Heterozygous- two different forms of a gene
(different eye color gene forms from mom and dad)
What is the order of vital signs assessment?
-Respiratory Rate, Apical Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, Temperature, Pain
- story incompatible with injury, injury is not possible with child's developmental stage, denial of injury, delay in seeking medical attention, various injuries in different stages of healing
What is a common manifestation of measles?
Koplik spots
What is cultural humility?
having openness, self-awareness, egolessness, supportive interactions, self-reflection and critique
What are the chances of the parents passing the gene to their autosomal recessive offspring, when they are both heterozygous for the genetic trait?
25%
What is the initial impressions that we are going to look for before giving PALS (Pediatric Advanced Life Support)
Consciousness, breathing, color
If a child is developing a tolerance to opioids what might you expect to be prescribed?
adjuvant analgesics
Who might fifth's disease, a childhood disease characterized by red "slapped" cheeks pose the most significant risk to?
Pregnant women, risk of miscarriage
AND
those with sickle cell anemia because of the need for extra Red Blood Cell's