Neurological
What are components of a neurological exam on a patient?
Pupil reaction, Level of Consciousness (LOC), Strength, Sensations
What fracture is indicated of physical abuse?
What is the MOST IMPORTANT education to provide parents to prevent SIDS?
Infants should ALWAYS sleep on their backs
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome is where the left side of the heart is underdeveloped or never developed and the left ventricle is defective due to this
Deoxygenated blood flows on the ______ side of the heart.
Right
What is the other name for Swimmer's Ear and how would you describe this to a parent?
Otitis Externa, this an infection to the ear canal and the outer ear, not the middle ear.
Children's bones heal faster due to ____________
Faster callus formation
How can you tell when a patient is experiencing status asthmaticus?
What is the most common sign of congenital heart defects in infants?
Poor feeding or Lack of ability to feed
Cystic Fibrous (CF) patients need to have a diet high in 1._______, 2. ________ and 3. _________. Also parents should not restrict 4. _________ in their diet.
1,2,3. Protein, Fat and Calories
4. Salt
Why are younger children more prone to ear infections?
The shape of their eustachian tube which is short, straight and wide allows for bacteria to move easily from the nasal passage to the ear and vice versa.
What medication do we advise patients to use for Juvenile Idiopathic (Rheumatoid) Arthritis (JIA)?
NSAIDs typically ibuprofen
What is the main treatment for smoke inhalation?
Providing oxygen
What are some risk factors for primary hypertension?
Overweight or obesity, Increased stress, Poor diet habits, Heredity or genetics
What are some of the risk factors for SIDS?
Low birth weight, teen pregnancy, maternal smoking or drug use, preterm birth, environment (overcrowding, shelters, etc.)
What are signs or symptoms of meningitis?
Signs High pitch cry, Bulging fontanelle, Seizure, Lethargy, Irritable, Headache, Projectile vomiting, Nuchal rigidity (neck stiffness)
A mother of a toddler is worried that her toddler's gait is unsteady, they fall often, and have a "pregnancy waddle". Is this a normal gait for a toddler to have or should the mother be concerned?
This is normal for a toddler as they are still achieving their fine motor skills. We should expect bruising to their lower shins as well.
What are the triggers for asthma we should educate parents about that will exacerbate asthma attacks?
Being around smoke, allergens such as dust, dander, mold; humidity, or having an upset child (crying forcibility)
What is the position we should move a child with Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) who is having a tet spell?
Knee to chest position
A parent brings their 2 year old in with a cough that the parent describes as a "barky, seal-like" cough. What diagnosis would the nurse assume this patient will have?
Croup
Barking cough is known as a "croupy cough"
What is the most common brain injury from car accidents or sports related injury?
Concussion
What are components of a neurovascular exam done on a patient in a Bryant's traction?
Neurovascular: pulses, capillary refill, movement of extremity (move toes/fingers), sensation, pain, color of extremity
What is the adventitious breath sound that is expected in asthma patients having an asthma attack?
Wheezing
The nurse understands the Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) is what kind of congenital heart defect?
Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow (Red/Pink baby)
The nurse is caring for a child who is to receive prednisolone 2.5mg/kg. The child weighs 28 lbs. The available dose of prednisolone is 5mg/mL. What is the mL amount the nurse will administer? (Round to the nearest tenth)
6.4 mL
2.5 mg/ 1 kg x 1 kg/ 2.2 lbs x 28 lbs/ 1 x 1 mL/ 5 mg = 70/11 = 6.36 rounds to 6.4