Fractures
What are the 4 types of fractures found in children?
Bend/plastic deformation, buckle/torus, greenstick, & complete
_______ is one of the late signs of increased ICP
Cushing’s Triad
What are the 2 types of casting materials?
Plaster of Paris & synthetic
What are the 4 types of traction?
Manual, skin, skeletal, cervical
What is the proper way to change a diaper in a patient w/ osteogenesis Imperfecta?
Lift child by buttocks, not by ankles
What are the 5 P’s associated with a neurovascular check?
Pain
Paresthesia
Pallor
Paralysis
Pulse
Pressure
What are 2 major clinical manifestations of increased ICP in infants?
Irritability & poor feeding
What is the main concern in the first few hours after applying a spica cast?
Compartment syndrome
When should you adjust the weight of traction on a patient?
Only when ordered by physician
Before discharge, what would you teach a parent about a child in a Pavlik harness?
They should massage the skin underneath the straps gently 1x/day
What are the clinical manifestations of a fracture?
Generalized swelling, pain/tenderness/ diminished functional use
What is the nursing care associated with hydration in a patient with increased ICP?
Osmotic diuretics (mannitol), I&Os, 2/3 maintenance fluids
Elevate affected limb
What type of traction would you possibly see in a patient with scoliosis?
Halo traction
What are the 2 most important determinants of CP?
Preterm birth of ELBW and VLBW
What are the 2 major causes of fractures in infants?
MVA and suspected abuse
Any increase in ____ pressure = an increase in ____ pressure
Abdominal; ICP
Do not let the affected limb to hang in a dependent position for longer than how many minutes?
30 min
What should the nurse assess in a pt w/ traction?
5 P’s, skin integrity, pain management
A child with DMD will show this sign.
Gower sign
What are the 3 major treatment modalities for fractures?
Cast, traction, distraction
Describe nursing management of a patient with increased ICP during a seizure.
Time seizure, protect head if necessary, position pt to prevent aspiration, etc.
How do you care for a patient in a spica cast with feeding problems?
If a pt has dyspnea and sudden chest pain (in traction), what should be your 1st thought and what nursing care should be provided?
Pulmonary embolism; administer oxygen, elevated HOB, call for help STAT
Starting at what degree will surgical correction be an option for pts w/ scoliosis?
40%