Acyanotic Conditions
This condition is the most common Acyanotic Condition!!!
Ventricular Septal Defect
Which condition might a child need a Heart Transplant for?
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Club Foot Treatment
Serial Casting Over 4-6 Weeks
What does a "Differential" look at in a CBC?
A differential looks at different types of leukocytes (WBC)
A child presents with a fever, red conjunctiva, and cervical lymphadenopathy...What do we suspect they have?
Kawasaki Disease
The initial treatment for this condition is Indomethacin
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
This condition puts you at risk for emboli and seizures
Tetralogy Of Fallot
What does a baby with Developmental Dysplasia Of The Hip have to use?
A Pavlik Harness
Worn for 3-4 months
True or False:
First presentation of Sickle Cell Anemia is usually a child experiencing a pain crisis
True
Precocious Puberty is the development of sexual characteristics before the usual age of pubertal onset
Before age ___ in natal females
Before age ___ in natal males
8 In Natal Females
9 In Natal Males
This condition puts the child at risk for a ruptured Aorta, HTN, and Stroke
Coarctation Of The Aorta
The three interventions for Tetralogy Of Fallot Tet-Spells...
Knee-chest positioning
100% blow-by oxygen
Morphine
Characteristics Of Pediatric Skin That Differs From Adults:
Thinner epidermis and stratum corneum until ~2nd year of life
Higher epidermal cell turnover rate
Immature eccrine sweat glands & sebaceous glands
Lower natural moisturizing factor
Less melanin
Less subcutaneous tissue
Dermis/epidermis loosely attached
Beta Thalassemia- Complications (3):
Iron overload leading to cardiac complications and Endocrinopathies, particularly hypogonadism and diabetes mellitus
Splenomegaly invariably develops in the symptomatic thalassemias. Splenomegaly can worsen the anemia and occasionally cause neutropenia and thrombocytopenia.
Thromboembolic events, venous and arterial, are not uncommon. Persons with beta-thalassemia major or intermedia may develop a chronic hypercoagulable state, especially after splenectomy.
What A1c is indicative of prediabetes in children?
5.6-6.4 A1C = prediabetes
Which acyanotic condition can become cyanotic and why?
Pulmonic Stenosis
Pulmonary artery is so narrowed that it completely blocks blood flow from the Right Ventricle
Which valves are underdeveloped in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome?
The Mitral and Aortic valves
Clinical Manifestations of Increased Intracranial Pressure in Infants and Children (Compare/Contrast) and Late Signs in Both:
Infant: bulging fontanel, irritability, restless, drowsiness, >sleeping, poor feeding, setting sun sign
Children: headache, nausea, forceful vomiting, blurred vision, seizures, increased sleeping, declined school performance
Late signs in infants and children: bradycardia, decreased motor and sensory response, papilledema, extension or flexion posturing
_________ is one of the most common solid tumors in infancy and has the ability to go away on its own
Neuroblastoma
Name Erikson's Stages Of Psychosocial Development In Order:
Trust vs Mistrust
Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
Initiative vs Guilt
Industry vs Inferiority
Identity vs Role Confusion
Intimacy vs Isolation
Generativity vs Stagnation
Integrity vs Despair
This condition causes Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Pulmonary Congestion
Aortic Stenosis
When should surgeries for Tetralogy Of Fallot be done by?
Within the first year of life
Explain Second Impact Syndrome:
Second concussion before 1st concussion heals
Causes rapid swelling in the brain
Can result in death and disabilities
Need medical clearance to return to sports
Repeated concussions linked to CTE:
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy – degenerative brain disease
Wilms Tumor affects which organ?
The Kidney
Newest medications for Cystic Fibrosius (Orkambi introduced 2012; newer drugs Trikafta, Symdeko) for people with F508del genetic mutation –modulators for CFTR protein Help Pts with Cystic Fibrosis How...
Allow chloride to pass through the cell membrane more easily
Increase CFTR protein at the cell surface
Increase hydration of mucus, helping relieve symptoms