Frames of Reference
Development occurs over time and between skills. Some children experience a gap in their development due to physical, emotional, and/or social trauma.
The role of OT is to bridge this gap.
What is Developmental?
Differentiates between real and unreal; follows rules; understands relationships among behaviors, feelings, and consequences (is capable of feeling guilty); and interacts in socially appropriate ways with adults and peers.
What is Greenspan's
EMOTIONAL THINKING (30-48 MONTHS)
•Independence in toileting
•Independence in self-feeding
•Cooperative play behaviors
•Understanding of rules and schedules
•Emerging behavioral and emotional maturity
What is Preschool?
Name three Developmental Disorders
AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER, RETT SYNDROME, DEVELOPMENTAL COORDINATION DISORDER?
List several general treatment strategies for Pediatric Orthopedic-based conditions (Table 13.3) (pg. 224)
Children relearn skills lost; develop compensatory strategies; and develop adaptive techniques.
What is Rehabilitation?
Is wooed by significant others; responds to facial expressions and vocalizations; ATTACHMENT
What is Greenspan's FALLING IN LOVE (2-7 months)?
•Additional pre-academic and academic readiness beyond preschool
•Ability to sit quietly
•Adequate fine motor skills
•Adequate gross motor skills
•Ability to recognize numbers and letters
What is Kindergarten?
Sensory Processing Disorder and Burns
What are Sensory-related conditions?
List several general treatment strategies for Pediatric Neurologic-based (TBI) conditions (Table 13.6) (pg. 235)
Volition
Habituation
Performance
Environment
What is MOHO? (Model of Human Occupation)
Considers self separate from parents; develops self-control and willpower; and struggles with a conflict between holding on and letting go.
What is Erikson's
AUTONOMY VS. SHAME AND DOUBT?
•Independence in bathroom and cafeteria
•Ability to carry lunch tray and to clean the table
•Can remain seated for extended periods
•Can remain on task
•Expectations of reading, writing, spelling, and math skills depend on grade level
•Ability to participate in games and sports
What is Elementary?
Name four Neurological conditions
What is Spina Bifida, Traumatic Brain Injury, Shaken Baby Syndrome, and Erb's Palsy?
List several general treatment strategies for Pediatric Developmental-based conditions (Table 13.7) (pg. 237)
Improves strength, endurance, and ROM for occupational performance
What is Biomechanical?
THE WORLD IS MY OYSTER (5-7 years) and THE WORLD IS OTHER KIDS (8-10 years)
What is Greenspan's Middle Childhood periods of psychosocial and emotional development?
•Build on competencies gained during preceding periods
•Appropriate social skills and manners
•Increased skill in creative thinking, problem solving, and development of ideas
•Expressive writing skills emerge
What is Middle School/Adolescence?
Name two Progressive disorders
What is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Rett Syndrome?
List several general treatment strategies for Pediatric Cardiopulmonary-based conditions (Table 13.8) (pg. 246)
Children learn motor patterns when they "feel" normal movement patterns.
What is Neurodevelopmental?
What are the 5 periods called from Erik Erikson's psychosocial and emotional development theory applicable in Pediatrics?
What is: TRUST V. MISTRUST;
AUTONOMY V. SHAME AND DOUBT;
INITIATIVE AND IMAGINATION V. GUILT;
INDUSTRY V. INFERIORITY; AND
SELF-IDENTITY V. ROLE CONFUSION
•Performance abilities necessary to effectively engage in educational and vocational activities
•Stage of preparedness for “what comes next”
•Performance contexts important to consider
What is Educational Readiness Skills?
Name conditions that may require behavior modifications as treatment intervention.
What is Prader-Willi Syndrome, Down Syndrome, and/or Autism Spectrum Disorder?
List several general treatment strategies for Burns (Table 13.10) (pg. 254)