Manifestations
What is dehydration
How urine output is monitored in infants
What is weighing and counting diapers
Initial intervention when a nurse suspects child abuse
What is ensure child's immediate safety and provide protected environment to reduce further harm
Diet suggestions for babies diagnosed with failure to thrive
What is supplemental high-calorie formula, fortified infant cereals, pureed fruits and veggies, protein-rich foods, full-fat dairy products
unexplained bruises or injuries in various stages of healing, burns or marks in hidden locations on body, avoidance of caregivers or adults, excessive fussing or fear, developmental regression
What is physical child abuse
Pictorial pain scale commonly used for young children
What is the Wong-Barker FACES scale
The nurse needs to ensure this is accurate and thorough for legal/forensic purposes when child abuse is suspected
What is documentation of findings
Frequency of feedings for newborns
Poor weight gain, below average growth percentiles, developmental delays, poor muscle tone, thin subcutaneous fat, fatigue, weakness
What is failure to thrive
Behavioral scale used to assess pain levels in infants and non-verbal children
What is the FLACC scale
Factors a nurse should assess to ensure effective, therapeutic communication with children
What is age, developmental stage, communication preferences, cultural/linguistic background, physical/emotional state, health literacy, support system
Normal amount of wet diapers per day in infants
What is 6 wet diapers/day
poor hygiene, inappropriate clothing for weather, emaciated appearance, lack of routine medical care or vaccines, untreated conditions, chronic school absences, lack of caregiver attachment or engagement
What is child neglect
Compares child's height and weight to standardized parameters to provide percentile of development
What is growth charts
Interdisciplinary team members for failure to thrive
What is dietary, case management, social workers, lactation consultant, PT/OT
Components of safe sleep for infants
What is back to sleep, firm mattress with only fitted sheet, nothing in the crib, avoid over-bundling clothes, no co-sleeping, pacifier for sleep
decreased LOC, seizures, abnormal posturing, retinal or subconjunctival hemorrhage, bulging fontanelles, head/facial swelling or bruising
What is shaken baby syndrome
Lab values to assess for dehydration
What is electrolytes, BUN/Cr, Hgb/Hct, urine specific gravity, serum osmolality, ABGs
Daily fluid replacement formula
100mL/kg for first 10kg
50mL/kg for second 10kg
20mL/kg for each additional kg
Prevention measures for dehydration in children
What is ensure adequate fluid intake, increase fluid intake during times of illness, dress appropriately for weather to avoid overheating, avoid high temperatures or direct sun